气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Flexibility and intensity of global water use

CCPortal

DOI	10.1038/s41893-019-0294-2
	Flexibility and intensity of global water use
	Qin Y.; Mueller N.D.; Siebert S.; Jackson R.B.; AghaKouchak A.; Zimmerman J.B.; Tong D.; Hong C.; Davis S.J.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	2398-9629
起始页码	515
结束页码	523
卷号	2 期号:6
英文摘要	Water stress is often evaluated by scarcity: the share of available water supply being consumed by humans. However, some consumptive uses of water are more or less flexible than others, depending on the costs or effects associated with their curtailment. Here, we estimate the share of global water consumption over the period 1980–2016 from the relatively inflexible demands of irrigating perennial crops, cooling thermal power plants, storing water in reservoirs and supplying basic water for humans and livestock. We then construct a water stress index that integrates the share of runoff being consumed (scarcity), the share of consumption in these inflexible categories (flexibility) and the historical variability of runoff weighted by storage capacity (variability), and use our index to evaluate the trends in water stress of global major river basins on six continents. We find that the 10% most stressed basins encompass ~19%, 19% and 35% of global population, thermal electricity generation and irrigated calorie production, respectively, and some of these basins also experience the largest increases in our identified stress indexes over the study period. Water consumption intensities (water used per unit of goods or service produced) vary by orders of magnitude across and within continents, with highly stressed basins in some cases characterized by high water consumption intensities. Our results thus point to targeted water mitigation opportunities (for example, relocating crops and switching cooling technologies) for highly stressed basins. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Crops; Runoff; Thermoelectric power plants; Water conservation; Water supply; Cooling technology; Global population; Orders of magnitude; Thermal electricity; Thermal power plants; Water consumption; Water mitigation; Water stress indices; Reservoirs (water)
来源期刊	Nature Sustainability
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/163434
作者单位	Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Earth System Science, Woods Institute for the Environment, and Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Qin Y.,Mueller N.D.,Siebert S.,et al. Flexibility and intensity of global water use[J],2019,2(6).
APA	Qin Y..,Mueller N.D..,Siebert S..,Jackson R.B..,AghaKouchak A..,...&Davis S.J..(2019).Flexibility and intensity of global water use.Nature Sustainability,2(6).
MLA	Qin Y.,et al."Flexibility and intensity of global water use".Nature Sustainability 2.6(2019).