气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Towards more environmentally and socially responsible batteries

CCPortal

DOI	10.1039/d0ee02511a
	Towards more environmentally and socially responsible batteries
	Sharma S.S.; Manthiram A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1754-5692
起始页码	4087
结束页码	4097
卷号	13 期号:11
英文摘要	While rechargeable batteries are critical for fighting the climate crisis, they are not free of environmental and social impacts. Here, we provide a robust, holistic, and accessible framework for researchers to use to assess these impacts for any battery material. The framework addresses four key issues present during the battery manufacturing process: (i) total energy use and emissions, (ii) toxicity, (iii) habitat destruction, and (iv) social impact. This article also includes example impact assessments for three battery chemistries that are being intensely pursued for current and future energy storage applications: (i) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811)-graphite, (ii) LiFePO4 (LFP)-graphite, and (iii) aqueous Na-ion. Based on the results of these assessments, we offer the following recommendations for making batteries more environmentally and socially responsible. First, given the human rights issues related to its extraction, cobalt usage must be eliminated entirely. To reduce energy use and emissions, the N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent should be eliminated. To reduce battery toxicity significantly, low toxicity electrolyte salts and non-toxic binders should be used. Iron and manganese-based cathodes are less toxic, less energy-intensive alternatives to cobalt and nickel-based cathodes. Lastly, to preserve habitat, sodium should be used over lithium for grid storage and cellulose separators over polyethylene separators for all applications. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Binders; Cathodes; Cobalt; Cobalt compounds; Economic and social effects; Ecosystems; Electrolytes; Energy storage; Graphite; Iron compounds; Lithium compounds; Manganese compounds; Nickel compounds; Separators; Toxicity; Battery chemistries; Battery manufacturing; Battery materials; Cobalt and nickels; Electrolyte salts; Habitat destruction; Impact assessments; N-methylpyrrolidone solvents; Secondary batteries; cellulose; electrode; electrolyte; energy storage; energy use; human rights; lithium; nickel; polymer; Binders; Cathodes; Cobalt Compounds; Ecosystems; Electrolytes
来源期刊	Energy and Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162751
作者单位	Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sharma S.S.,Manthiram A.. Towards more environmentally and socially responsible batteries[J],2020,13(11).
APA	Sharma S.S.,&Manthiram A..(2020).Towards more environmentally and socially responsible batteries.Energy and Environmental Science,13(11).
MLA	Sharma S.S.,et al."Towards more environmentally and socially responsible batteries".Energy and Environmental Science 13.11(2020).