气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Cation-disordered rocksalt transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides for high energy lithium-ion cathodes

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DOI	10.1039/c9ee02803j
	Cation-disordered rocksalt transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides for high energy lithium-ion cathodes
	Clément R.J.; Lun Z.; Ceder G.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1754-5692
起始页码	345
结束页码	373
卷号	13 期号:2
英文摘要	For lithium-ion rechargeable batteries to meet society's ever-growing demands in electrical energy storage, e.g. for the electrification of transportation, for portable electronics and for grid storage applications, novel electrode materials with a large charge storage capacity and a high energy density are needed. Over the last five years, several experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated the feasibility of disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathodes, that is, lithium transition metal oxide cathodes with a crystalline rocksalt structure but with a disordered arrangement of lithium and transition metal on the cation lattice. We provide here an overview of the current understanding of DRX materials, in terms of their structural and compositional characteristics, as well as their electrochemical properties. We also present important considerations for the design of high performance DRX cathodes and suggest future research directions. Because no specific order is needed, DRX compounds can be composed of a wide variety of transition metal species, which can create long-term benefits for the lithium battery industry by making it less reliant on scarce and expensive raw materials. While some DRX compositions can simply be synthesized at high temperature to induce thermal cation disorder, other compositions require mechanochemical methods to induce a disordered arrangement of cation species. Cation disorder leads to unique lithium transport properties, small volume changes during charge-discharge cycling and sloping electrochemical profiles. Fluorine substitution for oxygen and the incorporation of high-valent d0 transition metals in the bulk DRX structure are two strategies used to increase the lithium content in the material, improve lithium percolation and to keep the valence of redox-active metal species low so that high transition metal redox capacity can be obtained. Short-range cation order, which is affected by thermal treatment, metal composition and fluorine substitution, has a significant impact on electrochemical performance. Moreover, fluorine substitution for oxygen improves long-term capacity retention by significantly reducing anion-based charge compensation mechanisms during charge. Fluorinated DRXs have recently demonstrated reversible capacities >300 mA h g-1 and extremely high energy densities approaching 1000 W h kg-1, holding promise for a nearly two-fold increase in the energy density of commercial lithium-ion batteries. © 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Cathodes; Electric discharges; Fluorine; Lithium-ion batteries; Nanocrystalline materials; Oxygen; Positive ions; Redox reactions; Solvents; Storage (materials); Transition metal oxides; Transition metals; Charge compensation mechanism; Charge discharge cycling; Compositional characteristics; Electrical energy storages; Electrochemical performance; Future research directions; Lithium ion rechargeable batteries; Mechano-chemical methods; Lithium compounds; cation; electrification; electrode; high temperature; lithium; oxygen; percolation; redox conditions; transition element
来源期刊	Energy and Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162418
作者单位	Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States; Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Clément R.J.,Lun Z.,Ceder G.. Cation-disordered rocksalt transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides for high energy lithium-ion cathodes[J],2020,13(2).
APA	Clément R.J.,Lun Z.,&Ceder G..(2020).Cation-disordered rocksalt transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides for high energy lithium-ion cathodes.Energy and Environmental Science,13(2).
MLA	Clément R.J.,et al."Cation-disordered rocksalt transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides for high energy lithium-ion cathodes".Energy and Environmental Science 13.2(2020).