气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Synergistic effect of the occurrence of African dust outbreaks on atmospheric pollutant levels in the Madrid metropolitan area

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.04.025
	Synergistic effect of the occurrence of African dust outbreaks on atmospheric pollutant levels in the Madrid metropolitan area
	Salvador P.; Molero F.; Fernandez A.J.; Tobías A.; Pandolfi M.; Gómez-Moreno F.J.; Barreiro M.; Pérez N.; Marco I.M.; Revuelta M.A.; Querol X.; Artíñano B.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0169-8095
起始页码	208
结束页码	218
卷号	226
英文摘要	The occurrence of African dust outbreaks over specific areas of the Mediterranean basin has been associated with increases in the PM10 concentration levels and also in the mortality rates. Different hypothesis have been proposed in the last years to explain the processes by which African dust storms generates negative health effect over urban areas in southern Europe but are still not clear. Some authors have suggested the existence of an interaction between air pollutants from local sources and the occurrence of African dust outbreaks, with a consequent increase in the risk of mortality due to exposure to these anthropogenic emissions. This study sought to identify such a synergistic effect in the Madrid metropolitan area. To this end, an assessment of the influence of African dust on air quality levels, the vertical structure of the atmosphere over Madrid and daily mortality was carried out. Our results indicated that African dust caused a reduction of the mixing layer height and the surface wind speed, by reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground. These facts favored the accumulation of air pollutants emissions from local anthropogenic sources. Moreover, when the dust contribution to PM10 levels exceeded a threshold value (8 μg/m3), particulate matter mass (PM10, PM2.5)and number (ultra-fine particles)concentration as well as levels of gaseous air pollutants (CO, NO and NO2)registered at urban-background and urban-traffic monitoring sites, increased with statistical significance. In these conditions, it was found a statistically significant increase in risk of daily mortality in the PM10 exposure. Hence, ambient air in Madrid was more toxic during African dust events of increasing intensity due to this synergistic effect. Because it can be envisaged that the frequency, duration and intensity of dust storms will increase in the north of Africa due to climate change, it will be a priority to put forward and assess proposals to mitigate the adverse effects on health, focused on the reduction of air pollutant emissions from local sources, as well as proposals regarding the adaptation of the population in urban areas across the Mediterranean basin. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	African dust outbreaks; Health effects; Mixing layer height; PM10
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Air quality; Climate change; Health; Mixing; Particulate emissions; Storms; Urban growth; Wind; African dust; Air pollutant emission; Anthropogenic emissions; Atmospheric pollutants; Health effects; Mixing layer height; PM10; Statistical significance; Dust; air quality; atmospheric pollution; dust; health impact; metropolitan area; mixing; mortality; particulate matter; Madrid [Madrid (ADS/PRV)]; Madrid [Spain]; Spain
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162211
作者单位	CIEMAT, Department of Environment, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid, 28040, Spain; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, c. Jordi Girona 18, Barcelona, 08034, Spain; Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET), c. Leonardo Prieto Castro 8, Madrid, 28071, Spain
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Salvador P.,Molero F.,Fernandez A.J.,et al. Synergistic effect of the occurrence of African dust outbreaks on atmospheric pollutant levels in the Madrid metropolitan area[J],2019,226.
APA	Salvador P..,Molero F..,Fernandez A.J..,Tobías A..,Pandolfi M..,...&Artíñano B..(2019).Synergistic effect of the occurrence of African dust outbreaks on atmospheric pollutant levels in the Madrid metropolitan area.Atmospheric Research,226.
MLA	Salvador P.,et al."Synergistic effect of the occurrence of African dust outbreaks on atmospheric pollutant levels in the Madrid metropolitan area".Atmospheric Research 226(2019).