气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A 1.4-million-year-old bone handaxe from Konso; Ethiopia; shows advanced tool technology in the early Acheulean

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2006370117
	A 1.4-million-year-old bone handaxe from Konso; Ethiopia; shows advanced tool technology in the early Acheulean
	Sano K.; Beyene Y.; Katoh S.; Koyabu D.; Endo H.; Sasaki T.; Asfaw B.; Suwa G.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	18393
结束页码	18400
卷号	117 期号:31
英文摘要	In the past decade, the early Acheulean before 1 Mya has been a focus of active research. Acheulean lithic assemblages have been shown to extend back to ∼1.75 Mya, and considerable advances in core reduction technologies are seen by 1.5 to 1.4 Mya. Here we report a bifacially flaked bone fragment (maximum dimension ∼13 cm) of a hippopotamus femur from the ∼1.4 Mya sediments of the Konso Formation in southern Ethiopia. The large number of flake scars and their distribution pattern, together with the high frequency of cone fractures, indicate anthropogenic flaking into handaxe-like form. Use-wear analyses show quasi-continuous alternate microflake scars, wear polish, edge rounding, and striae patches along an ∼5-cm-long edge toward the handaxe tip. The striae run predominantly oblique to the edge, with some perpendicular, on both the cortical and inner faces. The combined evidence is consistent with the use of this bone artifact in longitudinal motions, such as in cutting and/or sawing. This bone handaxe is the oldest known extensively flaked example from the Early Pleistocene. Despite scarcity of well-shaped bone tools, its presence at Konso shows that sophisticated flaking was practiced by ∼1.4 Mya, not only on a range of lithic materials, but also occasionally on bone, thus expanding the documented technological repertoire of African Early Pleistocene Homo. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Acheulean technology; Bone handaxe; Core preparation; Early pleistocene; Use-wear
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Acheulean; anthropometric parameters; Article; bone handaxe; Ethiopia; femur; Hippopotamus; Homo erectus; human; Lower Pleistocene; nonhuman; Paleolithic; priority journal; weapon; anatomy and histology; artifact; bone; chemistry; fossil; history; Artifacts; Bone and Bones; Ethiopia; Fossils; History, Ancient
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160855
作者单位	Sano, K., Center for Northeast Asian Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8576, Japan; Beyene, Y., Association for Conservation of Culture Hawassa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, French Center for Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Katoh, S., Division of Natural History, Hyogo Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Yayoigaoka, Sanda, 669-1546, Japan; Koyabu, D., Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong; Endo, H., University Museum, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Sasaki, T., Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; Asfaw, B., Rift Valley Research Service, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Suwa, G., University Museum, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sano K.,Beyene Y.,Katoh S.,et al. A 1.4-million-year-old bone handaxe from Konso; Ethiopia; shows advanced tool technology in the early Acheulean[J],2020,117(31).
APA	Sano K..,Beyene Y..,Katoh S..,Koyabu D..,Endo H..,...&Suwa G..(2020).A 1.4-million-year-old bone handaxe from Konso; Ethiopia; shows advanced tool technology in the early Acheulean.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(31).
MLA	Sano K.,et al."A 1.4-million-year-old bone handaxe from Konso; Ethiopia; shows advanced tool technology in the early Acheulean".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.31(2020).