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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1922539117
	Fruiting body form; not nutritional mode; is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi
	Sánchez-García M.; Ryberg M.; Khan F.K.; Varga T.; Nagy L.G.; Hibbett D.S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	32528
结束页码	32534
卷号	117 期号:51
英文摘要	With ∼36,000 described species, Agaricomycetes are among the most successful groups of Fungi. Agaricomycetes display great diversity in fruiting body forms and nutritional modes. Most have pileate-stipitate fruiting bodies (with a cap and stalk), but the group also contains crust-like resupinate fungi, polypores, coral fungi, and gasteroid forms (e.g., puffballs and stinkhorns). Some Agaricomycetes enter into ectomycorrhizal symbioses with plants, while others are decayers (saprotrophs) or pathogens. We constructed a megaphylogeny of 8,400 species and used it to test the following five hypotheses regarding the evolution of morphological and ecological traits in Agaricomycetes and their impact on diversification: 1) resupinate forms are plesiomorphic, 2) pileate-stipitate forms promote diversification, 3) the evolution of gasteroid forms is irreversible, 4) the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis promotes diversification, and 5) the evolution of ECM symbiosis is irreversible. The ancestor of Agaricomycetes was a saprotroph with a resupinate fruiting body. There have been 462 transitions in the examined morphologies, including 123 origins of gasteroid forms. Reversals of gasteroid forms are highly unlikely but cannot be rejected. Pileate-stipitate forms are correlated with elevated diversification rates, suggesting that this morphological trait is a key to the success of Agaricomycetes. ECM symbioses have evolved 36 times in Agaricomycetes, with several transformations to parasitism. Across the entire 8,400-species phylogeny, diversification rates of ectomycorrhizal lineages are no greater than those of saprotrophic lineages. However, some ECM lineages have elevated diversification rates compared to their non-ECMsister clades, suggesting that the evolution of symbioses may act as a key innovation at local phylogenetic scales. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Agaricomycetes; Diversification; Ectomycorrhizal fungi; Gasteroid forms; Megaphylogeny
语种	英语
scopus关键词	article; body build; cladistics; controlled study; coral; ectomycorrhiza; fruiting body; infectious agent; morphological trait; mushroom; nonhuman; parasitism; phylogeny; saprotroph
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160685
作者单位	Sánchez-García, M., Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, United States, Uppsala Biocentre, Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SE-75005, Sweden; Ryberg, M., Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden; Khan, F.K., Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden; Varga, T., Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary; Nagy, L.G., Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary; Hibbett, D.S., Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sánchez-García M.,Ryberg M.,Khan F.K.,et al. Fruiting body form; not nutritional mode; is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi[J],2020,117(51).
APA	Sánchez-García M.,Ryberg M.,Khan F.K.,Varga T.,Nagy L.G.,&Hibbett D.S..(2020).Fruiting body form; not nutritional mode; is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(51).
MLA	Sánchez-García M.,et al."Fruiting body form; not nutritional mode; is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.51(2020).