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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1701644114
	Bacteria exploit a polymorphic instability of the flagellar filament to escape from traps
	Kühn M.J.; Schmidt F.K.; Eckhardt B.; Thormann K.M.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	6340
结束页码	6345
卷号	114 期号:24
英文摘要	Many bacterial species swim by rotating single polar helical flagella. Depending on the direction of rotation, they can swim forward or backward and change directions to move along chemical gradients but also to navigate their obstructed natural environment in soils, sediments, or mucus. When they get stuck, they naturally try to back out, but they can also resort to a radically different flagellar mode, which we discovered here. Using high-speed microscopy, we monitored the swimming behavior of the monopolarly flagellated species Shewanella putrefaciens with fluorescently labeled flagellar filaments at an agarose-glass interface. We show that, when a cell gets stuck, the polar flagellar filament executes a polymorphic change into a spiral-like form that wraps around the cell body in a spiral-like fashion and enables the cell to escape by a screw-like backward motion. Microscopy and modeling suggest that this propagation mode is triggered by an instability of the flagellum under reversal of the rotation and the applied torque. The switch is reversible and bacteria that have escaped the trap can return to their normal swimming mode by another reversal of motor direction. The screw-Type flagellar arrangement enables a unique mode of propagation and, given the large number of polarly flagellated bacteria, we expect it to be a common and widespread escape or motility mode in complex and structured environments.
英文关键词	Flagella; Motility; Shewanella; Structured environment
语种	英语
scopus关键词	agarose; fluorescent dye; glass; Article; bacterial flagellum; cell body; cell motility; microscopy; nonhuman; priority journal; rotation; Shewanella putrefaciens; surface property; biological model; biophysics; flagellum; fluorescence microscopy; genetics; movement (physiology); physiology; Shewanella putrefaciens; torque; Biophysical Phenomena; Flagella; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Biological; Movement; Rotation; Shewanella putrefaciens; Torque
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160627
作者单位	Kühn, M.J., Institut Für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, 35392, Germany; Schmidt, F.K., Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, 35032, Germany, LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, 35032, Germany; Eckhardt, B., Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, 35032, Germany, LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, 35032, Germany; Thormann, K.M., Institut Für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, 35392, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kühn M.J.,Schmidt F.K.,Eckhardt B.,et al. Bacteria exploit a polymorphic instability of the flagellar filament to escape from traps[J],2017,114(24).
APA	Kühn M.J.,Schmidt F.K.,Eckhardt B.,&Thormann K.M..(2017).Bacteria exploit a polymorphic instability of the flagellar filament to escape from traps.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,114(24).
MLA	Kühn M.J.,et al."Bacteria exploit a polymorphic instability of the flagellar filament to escape from traps".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114.24(2017).