气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Population growth; land use and land cover transformations; and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin

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DOI	10.5194/hess-22-4745-2018
	Population growth; land use and land cover transformations; and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin
	Kumar Shukla A.; Shekhar Prasad Ojha C.; Mijic A.; Buytaert W.; Pathak S.; Dev Garg R.; Shukla S.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	1027-5606
起始页码	4745
结束页码	4770
卷号	22 期号:9
英文摘要	The Upper Ganga River basin is socioeconomically the most important river basin in India and is highly stressed in terms of water resources due to uncontrolled land use and land cover (LULC) activities. This study presents a comprehensive set of analyses to evaluate the population growth, LULC transformations, and water quality nexus for sustainable development in this river basin. The study was conducted at two spatial scales: basin scale and district scale. First, population data were analyzed statistically to study demographic changes, followed by LULC change detection over the period of February-March 2001 to 2012 (Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data) using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) techniques. Trends and spatiotemporal variations in monthly water quality parameters, viz. biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO, measured in percentage), fluoride (F), hardness (CaCO3), pH, total coliform bacteria and turbidity, were studied using the Mann-Kendall rank test and an overall index of pollution (OIP) developed specifically for this region, respectively. A relationship was deciphered between LULC classes and OIP using multivariate techniques, viz. Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression. From the results, it was observed that population has increased in the river basin. Therefore, significant and characteristic LULC changes were observed. The river became polluted in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, pollution is due to agricultural practices, mainly fertilizers, whereas in urban areas it is mainly contributed from domestic and industrial wastes. Water quality degradation has occurred in the river basin, and consequently the health status of the river has also changed from acceptable to slightly polluted in urban areas. Multiple linear regression models developed for the Upper Ganga River basin could successfully predict status of the water quality, i.e., OIP, using LULC classes. © Author(s) 2018.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biochemical oxygen demand; Calcite; Calcium carbonate; Coliform bacteria; Correlation methods; Dissolved oxygen; Fluorine compounds; Industrial wastes; Information use; Land use; Linear regression; Population statistics; Remote sensing; Rivers; Rural areas; Water quality; Watersheds; Biological oxygen demand; Land use and land cover; Landsat-7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic mapper plus (ETM+); Multiple linear regression models; Multiple linear regressions; Spatio-temporal variation; Water quality degradation; Water quality parameters; River pollution; anthropogenic source; biochemical oxygen demand; coliform bacterium; dissolved oxygen; fluoride; hardness; industrial waste; land cover; land use change; pH; population growth; regression analysis; turbidity; water quality; Ganges River
来源期刊	Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159918
作者单位	Kumar Shukla, A., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; Shekhar Prasad Ojha, C., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; Mijic, A., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Buytaert, W., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Pathak, S., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; Dev Garg, R., Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; Shukla, S., Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering (CSRE), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kumar Shukla A.,Shekhar Prasad Ojha C.,Mijic A.,et al. Population growth; land use and land cover transformations; and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin[J],2018,22(9).
APA	Kumar Shukla A..,Shekhar Prasad Ojha C..,Mijic A..,Buytaert W..,Pathak S..,...&Shukla S..(2018).Population growth; land use and land cover transformations; and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin.Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,22(9).
MLA	Kumar Shukla A.,et al."Population growth; land use and land cover transformations; and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin".Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22.9(2018).