气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Evidence that chytrids dominate fungal communities in high-elevation soils

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.0907303106
	Evidence that chytrids dominate fungal communities in high-elevation soils
	Freeman K.R.; Martin A.P.; Karki D.; Lynch R.C.; Mitter M.S.; Meyera A.F.; Longcore J.E.; Simmons D.R.; Schmidt S.K.
发表日期	2009
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	18315
结束页码	18320
卷号	106 期号:43
英文摘要	Periglacial soils are one of the least studied ecosystems on Earth, yet they are widespread and are increasing in area due to retreat of glaciers worldwide. Soils in these environments are cold and during the brief summer are exposed to high levels of UV radiation and dramatic fluctuations in moisture and temperature. Recent research suggests that these environments harbor immense microbial diversity. Here we use sequencing of environmental DNA, culturing of isolates, and analysis of environmental variables to show that members of the Chytridiomycota (chytrids) dominate fungal biodiversity and perhaps decomposition processes in plant-free, high-elevation soils from the highest mountain ranges on Earth. The zoosporic reproduction of chytrids requires free water, yet we found that chytrids constituted over 70% of the ribosomal gene sequences of clone libraries from barren soils of the Himalayas and Rockies; by contrast, they are rare in other soil environments. Very few chytrids have been cultured, although we were successful at culturing chytrids from high-elevation sites throughout the world. In a more focused study of our sites in Colorado, we show that carbon sources that support chytrid growth (eolian deposited pollen and microbial phototrophs) are abundant and that soils are saturated with water for several months under the snow, thus creating ideal conditions for the development of a chytrid-dominated ecosystem. Our work broadens the known biodiversity of the Chytridomycota, and describes previously unsuspected links between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in alpine regions.
英文关键词	Alpine ecology; Glacial retreat; Nival zone; Psychrophiles
语种	英语
scopus关键词	carbon; snow; water; alpine tundra; aquatic environment; article; carbon source; Chytridiomycetes; clone; decomposition; DNA library; DNA sequence; ecosystem; environmental factor; fungal community; fungal development; fungal reproduction; fungus culture; fungus growth; fungus isolation; gene sequence; land biome; microbial diversity; nonhuman; nucleotide sequence; phototroph; phototrophy; pollen; priority journal; ribosome; soil analysis; soil depth; soil quality; United States; water absorption; Altitude; Base Sequence; Biodiversity; Carbon; Chytridiomycota; Ecosystem; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Soil Microbiology; Chytridiomycota
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159160
作者单位	Freeman, K.R., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, N122 Ramaley Hall, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, United States; Martin, A.P., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, N122 Ramaley Hall, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, United States; Karki, D., Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; Lynch, R.C., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, N122 Ramaley Hall, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, United States; Mitter, M.S., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, N122 Ramaley Hall, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, United States; Meyera, A.F., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, N122 Ramaley Hall, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, United States; Longcore, J.E., School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469-5722, United States; Simmons, D.R., School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Freeman K.R.,Martin A.P.,Karki D.,et al. Evidence that chytrids dominate fungal communities in high-elevation soils[J],2009,106(43).
APA	Freeman K.R..,Martin A.P..,Karki D..,Lynch R.C..,Mitter M.S..,...&Schmidt S.K..(2009).Evidence that chytrids dominate fungal communities in high-elevation soils.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,106(43).
MLA	Freeman K.R.,et al."Evidence that chytrids dominate fungal communities in high-elevation soils".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106.43(2009).