气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Regeneration of Little Ice Age bryophytes emerging from a polar glacier with implications of totipotency in extreme environments

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1304199110
	Regeneration of Little Ice Age bryophytes emerging from a polar glacier with implications of totipotency in extreme environments
	La Farge C.; Williams K.H.; England J.H.
发表日期	2013
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	9839
结束页码	9844
卷号	110 期号:24
英文摘要	Across the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, widespread ice retreat during the 20th century has sharply accelerated since 2004. In Sverdrup Pass, central Ellesmere Island, rapid glacier retreat is exposing intact plant communities whose radiocarbon dates demonstrate entombment during the Little Ice Age (1550-1850 AD). The exhumed bryophyte assemblages have exceptional structural integrity (i.e., setae, stem structures, leaf hair points) and have remarkable species richness (60 of 144 extant taxa in Sverdrup Pass). Although the populations are often discolored (blackened), some have developed green stem apices or lateral branches suggesting in vivo regrowth. To test their biological viability, Little Ice Age populations emerging from the ice margin were collected for in vitro growth experiments. Our results include a unique successful regeneration of subglacial bryophytes following 400 y of ice entombment. This finding demonstrates the totipotent capacity of bryophytes, the ability of a cell to dedifferentiate into a meristematic state (analogous to stem cells) and develop a new plant. In polar ecosystems, regrowth of bryophyte tissue buried by ice for 400 y significantly expands our understanding of their role in recolonization of polar landscapes (past or present). Regeneration of subglacial bryophytes broadens the concept of Ice Age refugia, traditionally confined to survival of land plants to sites above and beyond glacier margins. Our results emphasize the unrecognized resilience of bryophytes, which are commonly overlooked vis-a-vis their contribution to the establishment, colonization, and maintenance of polar terrestrial ecosystems.
英文关键词	Cryopreservation; Subglacial ecosystems
语种	英语
scopus关键词	article; cell dedifferentiation; deglaciation; ecosystem; glacier; in vitro study; Little Ice Age; moss; nonhuman; priority journal; totipotent stem cell; cryopreservation; subglacial ecosystems; Arctic Regions; Bryophyta; Canada; Geography; Ice; Ice Cover; Meristem; Radiometric Dating; Regeneration; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Totipotent Stem Cells; bryophytes; Embryophyta
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159118
作者单位	La Farge, C., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; Williams, K.H., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; England, J.H., Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	La Farge C.,Williams K.H.,England J.H.. Regeneration of Little Ice Age bryophytes emerging from a polar glacier with implications of totipotency in extreme environments[J],2013,110(24).
APA	La Farge C.,Williams K.H.,&England J.H..(2013).Regeneration of Little Ice Age bryophytes emerging from a polar glacier with implications of totipotency in extreme environments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,110(24).
MLA	La Farge C.,et al."Regeneration of Little Ice Age bryophytes emerging from a polar glacier with implications of totipotency in extreme environments".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110.24(2013).