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| DOI | 10.73/pnas.2015032117 |
| Overkill; glacial history; and the extinction of North America’s Ice Age megafauna | |
| Meltzer D.J. | |
| 发表日期 | 2020 |
| ISSN | 0027-8424 |
| 起始页码 | 28555 |
| 结束页码 | 28563 |
| 卷号 | 117期号:46 |
| 英文摘要 | The end of the Pleistocene in North America saw the extinction of 38 genera of mostly large mammals. As their disappearance seemingly coincided with the arrival of people in the Americas, their extinction is often attributed to human overkill, notwithstanding a dearth of archaeological evidence of human predation. Moreover, this period saw the extinction of other species, along with significant changes in many surviving taxa, suggesting a broader cause, notably, the ecological upheaval that occurred as Earth shifted from a glacial to an interglacial climate. But, overkill advocates ask, if extinctions were due to climate changes, why did these large mammals survive previous glacial−interglacial transitions, only to vanish at the one when human hunters were present? This question rests on two assumptions: that previous glacial−interglacial transitions were similar to the end of the Pleistocene, and that the large mammal genera survived unchanged over multiple such cycles. Neither is demonstrably correct. Resolving the cause of large mammal extinctions requires greater knowledge of individual species’ histories and their adaptive tolerances, a fuller understanding of how past climatic and ecological changes impacted those animals and their biotic communities, and what changes occurred at the Pleistocene−Holocene boundary that might have led to those genera going extinct at that time. Then we will be able to ascertain whether the sole ecologically significant difference between previous glacial−interglacial transitions and the very last one was a human presence. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. |
| 英文关键词 | Pleistocene extinctions|human overkill|glacial−interglacial climate change|megafauna|North America |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| scopus关键词 | climate change; Holocene; human; interglacial; mammal; nonhuman; North America; Pleistocene; predation; review; article |
| 来源期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159022 |
| 作者单位 | Meltzer, D.J., Department of Anthropology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, United States |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Meltzer D.J.. Overkill; glacial history; and the extinction of North America’s Ice Age megafauna[J],2020,117(46). |
| APA | Meltzer D.J..(2020).Overkill; glacial history; and the extinction of North America’s Ice Age megafauna.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(46). |
| MLA | Meltzer D.J.."Overkill; glacial history; and the extinction of North America’s Ice Age megafauna".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.46(2020). |
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