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DOI	10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00015
	The brain mechanism of explicit and implicit processing of emotional prosodies: An fnirs study
	Lei Z.; Bi R.; Mo L.; Yu W.; Zhang D.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	13835769
卷号	53 期号:1
英文摘要	Emotional expressions of others embedded in speech prosodies are important for social interactions. Affective prosody refers to a way to express and convey emotions through the dynamic changes of various acoustic cues such as pitch, intensity, stress, and intonation in speech, without relying on vocabulary and grammatical structure. Previous studies have shown that STC, IFG, OFC, and other cerebral cortex and subcortical structures are involved in emotional prosody processing, and gradually formed a hierarchical model. However, existing studies on the neural mechanism of emotional prosody processing mostly focus on the difference between non-neutral emotional prosody and neutral prosody, while the comparison between various non-neutral emotional prosody is less investigated. Besides, the differences involved in brain regions of emotional prosody processing under explicit and implicit tasks are still not clear. Furthermore, it is necessary to further accumulate experimental evidence based on noise-free brain imaging technology, such as the noise-free features of fNIRS are especially suitable for speech processing research. This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate how speech prosodies of different emotional categories are processed in the cortex under different task conditions. A group of 25 college students participated in this study with a 3 (emotion: anger vs. fearful vs. happy) by 2 (task focus: explicit vs. implicit) within-participant factorial design. We manipulated task focus by adopting two different tasks, with emotional discrimination task as explicit condition and sex discrimination task as implicit condition. Ten phonological materials for each of anger, fearful, and happy prosody were selected from the Chinese Speech Emotion Database and consisted of the corresponding emotional prosodies and neutral prosodies. The emotional explicit task was to count the emotional and neutral sentences contained in each 10-second speech, and the emotional implicit task was to count the sentences played by two women in each 10-second speech. A multi-channel fNIRS system was used to record brain activity in a continuous waveform. According to existing literature, the brain regions observed in this study are the bilateral frontal and temporal lobes. Therefore, we used 13 emitters and 15 detectors to form 37 effective observation channels. We first adopted NirSpark-2442 software to preprocess the data, and then conducted general linear model analyses to calculate the cortical activation related to the task. The results showed that the brain activation was significantly higher when anger was contrasted to fearful and happy prosody in left frontal pole / orbitofrontal cortex, and when happy was contrasted to fearful and anger prosody in left inferior frontal gyrus, and when fearful was contrasted to anger and happy prosody in right supramarginal gyrus. Importantly, there was an interaction between emotion and task. In the explicit task, cortex activity in the right supramarginal gyrus was more sensitive to fearful than to anger and happy prosodies. But no similar results were found under anger and happy prosody. In addition, the brain activation in temporopolar, superior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus with the explicit task was greater than that in the implicit task. The present study demonstrated the specific brain regions for processing angry, fearful and happy prosody were left frontal pole/orbitofrontal cortex, right supramarginal gyrus, and left inferior frontal gyrus respectively, and the important role of right superior temporal gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus in emotional explicit task. These findings partially support the hierarchical model of emotional prosody and question the third level of the model. © 2021, Science Press. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Emotion; Inferior frontal gyrus; Orbitofrontal cortex; Phonetic prosody; Superior temporal gyrus; Supramarginal gyrus
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Acta Psychologica Sinica
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/158375
作者单位	China Center for Behavioral Economics and Finance & School of Economics; Southwestern University of Finance and Economics; Chengdu; 611130; China; College of Psychology; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen; 518060; China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lei Z.,Bi R.,Mo L.,et al. The brain mechanism of explicit and implicit processing of emotional prosodies: An fnirs study[J],2021,53(1).
APA	Lei Z.,Bi R.,Mo L.,Yu W.,&Zhang D..(2021).The brain mechanism of explicit and implicit processing of emotional prosodies: An fnirs study.,53(1).
MLA	Lei Z.,et al."The brain mechanism of explicit and implicit processing of emotional prosodies: An fnirs study".53.1(2021).