气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Comparing the efficacy of various aerial spraying scenarios using Bacillus thuringiensis to protect trees from spruce budworm defoliation

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2018.10.034
	Comparing the efficacy of various aerial spraying scenarios using Bacillus thuringiensis to protect trees from spruce budworm defoliation
	Fuentealba A.; Dupont A.; Hébert C.; Berthiaume R.; Quezada-García R.; Bauce É.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
起始页码	1013
结束页码	1021
卷号	432
英文摘要	Large-scale aerial spray operations against the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens)) (SBW) with the biological insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki (Btk) aim at maintaining trees alive during outbreaks. This objective is thought to be achieved when ≥ 50% of current-year foliage is preserved until the end of the outbreak. This protection target is associated with low balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill.) mortality. However, it is unknown whether this approach is always needed or whether less frequent interventions could provide similar results at a lower cost. Between 2010 and 2016, we conducted field experiments in Quebec's Côte-Nord region to determine the efficacy of five different Btk spraying scenarios for protecting balsam fir, white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) and black spruce (P. mariana [Mill.] BSP) in mixed stands. We used the residual photosynthetic capacity (RPC) to evaluate the efficacy of the five scenarios. RPC makes it possible to take into account the impact of SBW defoliation on foliage contribution to tree photosynthetic effort over several years, and can be used as a proxy of the risk of tree mortality. We hypothesized that less frequent Btk applications could maintain the required RPC level to keep trees alive. Our results show that areas not protected resulted in great losses of RPC in balsam fir and white spruce. Btk applications every 3 years kept RPC above 50% for 2 years in balsam fir and 4 years in white spruce. RPC losses were above 62% after 4 years in both species. The strategy currently employed in Quebec (spraying every year after a first year of moderate-severe defoliation) and the intensive protection scenario (Btk applications every year) meet the protection goals for these hosts. However, their cost prevents their application at a large scale. Btk applications every 2 years seems a relevant alternative to the current strategy to protect balsam fir and white spruce stands given the adequate level of protection provided (RPC above 39%) and the reduction in the number of Btk applications required (36% fewer applications over 7 years, resulting in 36% lower cost), particularly if the objective is to maintain trees alive. Black spruce maintained at least 54% of its RPC, even without protection. Btk applications every 3 years might be a valid alternative to reduce growth losses in black spruce-dominated stands. The use of different spraying scenarios may allow us to develop cost-efficient treatment strategies to protect Quebec's forests. © 2018
英文关键词	Bacillus thuringiensis; Balsam fir; Black spruce; Photosynthetic capacity; Spray operations; Spruce budworm; White spruce
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Antennas; Bacteriology; Insecticides; Bacillus thuringiensis; Balsam fir; Black spruce; Photosynthetic capacity; Spruce budworm; White spruce; Forestry; aerial survey; bacterium; biopesticide; coniferous tree; defoliation; forest management; mortality; moth; pest outbreak; photosynthesis; scenario analysis; spray; Abies Lasiocarpa; Bacteriology; Insecticides; Picea Glauca; Picea Mariana; Spruce Budworm; Canada; Quebec [Canada]; Abies balsamea; Bacillus thuringiensis; Choristoneura fumiferana; Picea glauca; Picea mariana
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156311
作者单位	Centre d’étude de la forêt (CEF) and Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Société de Protection des Forêts contre les Insectes et Maladies (SOPFIM), Québec, QC G1N 4B8, Canada; Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Québec, QC G1V 4C7, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Fuentealba A.,Dupont A.,Hébert C.,et al. Comparing the efficacy of various aerial spraying scenarios using Bacillus thuringiensis to protect trees from spruce budworm defoliation[J],2019,432.
APA	Fuentealba A.,Dupont A.,Hébert C.,Berthiaume R.,Quezada-García R.,&Bauce É..(2019).Comparing the efficacy of various aerial spraying scenarios using Bacillus thuringiensis to protect trees from spruce budworm defoliation.Forest Ecology and Management,432.
MLA	Fuentealba A.,et al."Comparing the efficacy of various aerial spraying scenarios using Bacillus thuringiensis to protect trees from spruce budworm defoliation".Forest Ecology and Management 432(2019).