气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Long-term succession of closed boreal forests at their range limit in eastern North America shows resilience to fire and climate disturbances

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2019.03.015
	Long-term succession of closed boreal forests at their range limit in eastern North America shows resilience to fire and climate disturbances
	Payette S.; Frégeau M.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
起始页码	101
结束页码	112
卷号	440
英文摘要	The distribution of vegetation zones in northeastern North America forms a gradual transition from closed to open forests, and to tundra. Closed forests near the open forest/tundra boundary generally correspond to residual patches of a once larger forest community. Whether these forest patches have survived as untouched, fire-free communities or as resilient communities during the Holocene remains unknown. To answer to this question, we reconstructed the successional history of two black spruce closed-crown forests and one jack pine forest near the northern limit of closed forest ecosystems. Stand-scale postfire succession was analysed based on charcoal macrofossils. Extensive 14 C dating and botanical identification of charcoal fragments located at the organic soil surface and buried in the mineral podzolic solum were used to reconstruct the successional pathways of the sites. The forest sites developed in a context of continuous fire disturbance, except for a short interval of several centuries. The fire history of the three sites is similar with a fire frequency of 34–37 fires over the last 5000–5800 years, which corresponds to a mean fire interval of 150–180 years. Based on parametric and non-parametric estimators, the regional fire regime of the Laforge area (combined fire data of two sites located about 7 km from each other) was most likely characterized by 38 fires over the last 5000–5800 years, i.e., at an interval of about 150–160 years. Birch (Betula papyrifera) was present in the spruce sites between 5800 and 3000 cal. years BP. Jack pine arrived at the pine site about 3000 cal. years BP, at the time when birch was extirpated from the spruce forests. The closed-crown forests near the open forest/tundra boundary are resilient postfire ecosystems which regenerated successfully since mid-Holocene. Compositional change of these forests, which led to the decline of birch but maintained the dominance of conifers, appears related to cooler and wetter conditions of late Holocene. Climatic conditions also slowed the eastward migration of jack pine, which explains the late arrival of this species at its northeastern range. Our data suggest that fire disturbance in these sites of the boreal biome has been a continuous and positive regenerative process since mid-Holocene despite the influence of climatic change on the tree flora. © 2019
英文关键词	Betula papyrifera; Boreal forest; Chronosequence; Climate change; Fire disturbance; Holocene; Picea mariana; Pinus banksiana; Resilience; Subarctic; Succession
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Charcoal; Climate change; Ecosystems; Fires; Betula papyrifera; Boreal forests; Chronosequences; Fire disturbance; Holocenes; Picea mariana; Pinus banksiana; Resilience; Subarctic; Succession; Reforestation; boreal forest; charcoal; chronosequence; climate change; coniferous tree; deciduous tree; dominance; environmental disturbance; fire history; Holocene; organic soil; range size; soil surface; stress resistance; subarctic region; succession; tundra; Betula Papyrifera; Charcoal; Ecosystems; Fires; Picea Mariana; Pinus Banksiana; North America; Betula papyrifera; Coniferophyta; Picea; Picea mariana; Pinus banksiana
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156066
作者单位	Département de biologie and Centre d’études nordiques, Université Laval, 1045, av. de la Médecine, Quebec City (Quebec), G1V 0A6, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Payette S.,Frégeau M.. Long-term succession of closed boreal forests at their range limit in eastern North America shows resilience to fire and climate disturbances[J],2019,440.
APA	Payette S.,&Frégeau M..(2019).Long-term succession of closed boreal forests at their range limit in eastern North America shows resilience to fire and climate disturbances.Forest Ecology and Management,440.
MLA	Payette S.,et al."Long-term succession of closed boreal forests at their range limit in eastern North America shows resilience to fire and climate disturbances".Forest Ecology and Management 440(2019).