气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Traditional knowledge of fire use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs in the eastside Cascades of Oregon

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2019.06.002
	Traditional knowledge of fire use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs in the eastside Cascades of Oregon
	Steen-Adams M.M.; Charnley S.; McLain R.J.; Adams M.D.O.; Wendel K.L.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	450
英文摘要	We examined traditional knowledge of fire use by the Ichishikin (Sahaptin), Kitsht Wasco (Wasco), and Numu (Northern Paiute) peoples (now Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, CTWS) in the eastside Cascades of Oregon to generate insights for restoring conifer forest landscapes and enhancing culturally-valued resources. We examined qualitative and geospatial data derived from oral history interviews, participatory GIS focus groups, archival records, and historical forest surveys to characterize cultural fire regimes (CFRs) –an element of historical fire regimes– of moist mixed conifer (MMC), dry mixed conifer (DMC), and shrub-grassland (SG) zones. Our ethnohistorical evidence indicated a pronounced cultural fire regime in the MMC zone, but not in the two drier zones. The CFR of the MMC zone was characterized by frequent (few-year recurrence), low-severity burns distributed in a shifting pattern. This regime helped to maintain forest openings created by previous ignitions, resulting from lightning or possibly human-set, that had burned large areas. The CFR was influenced by the CTWS traditional knowledge system, which consisted of four elements: fire use and associated resource tending practices, tribal ecological principles, the seasonal round (the migratory pattern to fulfill resource needs), and culture. Thinleaf huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum), a cultural keystone species, occurs primarily in the MMC zone and was a principle focus of traditional fire use of the CTWS peoples. Fire was deployed to maintain shrub productivity and site access for harvesting. Cessation of fire use by ∼1940 has caused a decline in huckleberry productivity throughout much of the historical harvest zone. Our findings about CFR scale show how a nested, multi-level framework (patch- and landscape-levels) may be employed to reintroduce fire and thereby promote forest restoration and enhance culturally-valued resources. Our findings also highlight the utility of engaging the communities that hold traditional knowledge in the forest management and planning process. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Conservation; Forestry; Geothermal springs; History; Knowledge management; Productivity; Dry-mixed conifers; Ecological principles; Forest restoration; Keystone species; Migratory patterns; Participatory GIS; Shifting patterns; Traditional knowledge; Fires; coniferous forest; ethnography; fire history; forest management; GIS; indigenous knowledge; indigenous population; shrub; spring (hydrology); traditional knowledge; Conservation; Fires; Forestry; History; Oregon; Patterns; Productivity; Resources; Cascade Range; Oregon; United States; Coniferophyta; Vaccinium membranaceum
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/155797
作者单位	USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 620 SW Main St., Suite 502, Portland, OR 97205, United States; Portland State University, Institute for Sustainable Solutions, 1600 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 110, Portland, OR 97201, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Steen-Adams M.M.,Charnley S.,McLain R.J.,et al. Traditional knowledge of fire use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs in the eastside Cascades of Oregon[J],2019,450.
APA	Steen-Adams M.M.,Charnley S.,McLain R.J.,Adams M.D.O.,&Wendel K.L..(2019).Traditional knowledge of fire use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs in the eastside Cascades of Oregon.Forest Ecology and Management,450.
MLA	Steen-Adams M.M.,et al."Traditional knowledge of fire use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs in the eastside Cascades of Oregon".Forest Ecology and Management 450(2019).