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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117582
	The influence of management and environmental factors on insect attack on cork oak canopy
	Pereira P.F.; Lourenço R.; Lopes C.; Oliveira A.; Ribeiro-Silva J.; Rabaça J.E.; Pinto-Correia T.; Figueiredo D.; Mira A.; Marques J.T.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	453
英文摘要	The decline of oak (Quercus spp.) forests is a current trend in Northern Hemisphere and is characterized by a loss in tree vigour and increased mortality. The canopy insects are suspected to have role in this decline, but there is poor knowledge about their incidence in evergreen-oak stands. The main aim of this study is to characterize the incidence of main insect groups affecting branches and leaves of an evergreen-oak species (the cork oak Quercus suber) and evaluate which management practices and environmental traits of agroforestry systems affect it. In the spring/summer of 2018, we measured the incidence of attacks on branches and leaves by gall-makers (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), blade-miners (Lepidoptera and Coleoptera), midrib-miners (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae), chewer caterpillars (Lepidoptera), chewer sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and branch-borers (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). We analysed the frequency of pest signs according to different indicators: management practices, tree maturity, forest diversity, forest fragmentation, and latitude and longitude. The most frequent signs of insect pests on tree leaves corresponded to blade-miners, midrib-miners, chewer caterpillars and chewer sawflies. With exception of midrib-miners and branch-borers, all insect pests were found on cork oak stands experiencing decline and benefited from management intensification. Our study suggests that a diverse-aged stand may reduce the frequency of midrib-miners and chewer caterpillars, as well the attack of branch-borers. Moreover, a high plant diversity in forests can contribute to reduce the impact of defoliators on cork oaks (e.g., chewer sawflies) and understory reduction decreased the exposure of trees to gall-makers. Moreover, we found that forest fragmentation may increase the frequency of blade-miners and chewer caterpillars. We conclude that insect pests have a high incidence in cork oak stands and thus, may have and important role in its decline. Considering that a high frequency of pests is often associated with increased management intensity, a change to a more sustainable use of these systems is urgently needed. © 2019
英文关键词	Agroforestry systems; Decline; Dehesa; Montado; Pests
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Environmental management; Miners; Plants (botany); Agroforestry system; Decline; Dehesa; Montado; Pests; Forestry; agroforestry; canopy architecture; coniferous tree; deciduous forest; disease incidence; environmental factor; evergreen tree; fly; host plant; management practice; mortality; moth; Northern Hemisphere; population decline; stand structure; Forestry; Frequency; Insects; Management; Pests; Quercus Suber; Buprestidae; Cecidomyiidae; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Diptera; Heliozelidae; Hexapoda; Hymenoptera; Lepidoptera; Quercus; Quercus suber; Symphyta; Tenthredinidae
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/155738
作者单位	ICAAM–Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, LabOr–Laboratório de Ornitologia, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal; ICAAM–Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, 7002-554, Portugal; Departamento de Paisagem Ambiente e Ordenamento, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, 7002-554, Portugal; CIBIO-UE/InBIO–Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Pole of Évora, Mitra, Évora, 7002-554, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, 7002-554, Portugal
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Pereira P.F.,Lourenço R.,Lopes C.,et al. The influence of management and environmental factors on insect attack on cork oak canopy[J],2019,453.
APA	Pereira P.F..,Lourenço R..,Lopes C..,Oliveira A..,Ribeiro-Silva J..,...&Marques J.T..(2019).The influence of management and environmental factors on insect attack on cork oak canopy.Forest Ecology and Management,453.
MLA	Pereira P.F.,et al."The influence of management and environmental factors on insect attack on cork oak canopy".Forest Ecology and Management 453(2019).