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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118652
	How many trees are necessary to fit an accurate volume model for the Amazon forest? A site-dependent analysis
	Leão F.M.; Nascimento R.G.M.; Emmert F.; Santos G.G.A.; Caldeira N.A.M.; Miranda I.S.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	480
英文摘要	The use of forest resources by communities in the Amazon, or of such resources globally, begins with the quantification of the yield potential of the standing forests. Notably, wood volume, biomass, and carbon are the principal variables quantified through forest inventories associated with estimation processes such as allometric models. These processes involve a large number of trees for log scaling, which often would not need to be cut in an exploratory survey. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate how many trees are necessary to fit an accurate volume model for a community forest management plan in the Amazonian forest. This information can contribute to reducing the number of trees cut down, time, and costs of future field surveys. The research was developed using volume data of six species present in a forest management unit located in the municipality of Novo Repartimento, Pará, Brazil. Initially, the volumes of the 318 trees were estimated using single and double input allometric models. Then, for each tested model, 1000 bootstrap resampling simulations were performed, and were repeated for different sample sizes (5, 6, 7…, to n − 1), species, and for all species. The volumetric models were fit for each simulation to obtain the reliability index (RI%) and the allowable error limit (AEL%) for six error limits (EL%) varying between 10 and 35%. The minimum number of trees was determined when the average tendency of RI% was statistically equal to or below AEL% at a specific EL% level. The t-test was used to compare AEL% with the mean tendency of the RI%. The single input allometric model at the 35% error level provided an accurate model using a sample of 39 trees for each species and 158 trees for all species. A minimum of 29 and 81 sample trees were required for each species and for all species, respectively, to provide a precise double input allometric model at a minimum EL% of 20%. These results show that it is possible to fit accurate models with a minimum number of sample trees for volumetric estimation purposes in the Brazilian Amazonian forests. However, there is a limitation in proposing a sample size for other regions of the Amazon Forest, because the representative number of trees required for a reliable model depends on the site, stand conditions, rarity of the species, time, and expenditure in log scaling procedures. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Allometric models; Amazon; Amazon forest management; Bootstrap sampling
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Errors; Sampling; Surveys; Bootstrap resampling; Estimation process; Exploratory surveys; Forest management units; Principal Variables; Reliability Index; Scaling procedures; Volumetric estimation; Forestry; exploration; forest inventory; forest management; forest resource; forestry modeling; volume; yield response; Errors; Forestry; Input; Models; Sampling; Surveys; Trees; Volume; Amazonas [Brazil]; Brazil
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/154854
作者单位	Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Altamira, Rua Coronel José Porfirio, 2515, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA CEP 68.372-040, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Tancredo Neves, 2501, CP 917, Belém, PA CEP 66077-530, Brazil; Engenheiro Florestal na Empresa ACZ Agroflorestal Ltda, Avenida Nazaré, s/n, Parque Espigão, Novo Repartimento, PA CEP 68473-000, Brazil
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Leão F.M.,Nascimento R.G.M.,Emmert F.,et al. How many trees are necessary to fit an accurate volume model for the Amazon forest? A site-dependent analysis[J],2021,480.
APA	Leão F.M.,Nascimento R.G.M.,Emmert F.,Santos G.G.A.,Caldeira N.A.M.,&Miranda I.S..(2021).How many trees are necessary to fit an accurate volume model for the Amazon forest? A site-dependent analysis.Forest Ecology and Management,480.
MLA	Leão F.M.,et al."How many trees are necessary to fit an accurate volume model for the Amazon forest? A site-dependent analysis".Forest Ecology and Management 480(2021).