气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Quantification of the water-use reduction associated with the transition from coal to natural gas in the US electricity sector

CCPortal

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab4d71
	Quantification of the water-use reduction associated with the transition from coal to natural gas in the US electricity sector
	Kondash A.J.; Patino-Echeverri D.; Vengosh A.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	17489318
卷号	14 期号:12
英文摘要	The transition from coal to natural gas and renewables in the electricity sector and the rise of unconventional shale gas extraction are likely to affect water usage throughout the US. While new natural-gas power plants use less water than coal-fired power plants, shale gas extraction through hydraulic fracturing has increased water utilization and intensity. We integrated water and energy use data to quantify the intensity of water use in the US throughout the electricity's lifecycle. We show that in spite of the rise of water use for hydraulic fracturing, during 2013-2016 the overall annual water withdrawal (8.74 × 1010 m3) and consumption (1.75 × 109 m3) for coal were larger than those of natural gas (4.55 × 1010 m3, and 1.07 × 109 m3, respectively). We find that during this period, for every MWh of electricity that has been generated with natural gas instead of coal, there has been a reduction of ∼1 m3 in water consumption and ∼40 m3 in water withdrawal. Examining plant locations spatially, we find that only a small proportion of net electricity generation takes place in water stressed areas, while a large proportion of both coal (37%) and natural gas (50%) are extracted in water stressed areas. We also show that the growing contribution of renewable energy technologies such as wind and solar will reduce water consumption at an even greater magnitude than the transition from coal to natural gas, eliminating much of water withdrawals and consumption for electricity generation in the US. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	Coal; Electricity; Hydraulic fracturing; Shale gas; Thermoelectric plants; Water intensity; Water-energy nexus
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Coal; Electric industry; Electric power generation; Electricity; Fossil fuel power plants; Fracture; Gas plants; Gases; Hydraulic fracturing; Life cycle; Natural gas; Natural gasoline plants; Renewable energy resources; Shale gas; Water supply; Coal-fired power plant; Electricity generation; Electricity sector; Natural gas power plants; Renewable energy technologies; Thermoelectric plants; Water energy; Water use reductions; Extraction; coal-fired power plant; electricity generation; extraction method; groundwater abstraction; hydraulic fracturing; integrated approach; natural gas; quantitative analysis; reduction; shale gas; water use; United States
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/154300
作者单位	Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kondash A.J.,Patino-Echeverri D.,Vengosh A.. Quantification of the water-use reduction associated with the transition from coal to natural gas in the US electricity sector[J],2019,14(12).
APA	Kondash A.J.,Patino-Echeverri D.,&Vengosh A..(2019).Quantification of the water-use reduction associated with the transition from coal to natural gas in the US electricity sector.Environmental Research Letters,14(12).
MLA	Kondash A.J.,et al."Quantification of the water-use reduction associated with the transition from coal to natural gas in the US electricity sector".Environmental Research Letters 14.12(2019).