气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Reducing water scarcity by improving water productivity in the United States

CCPortal

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab9d39
	Reducing water scarcity by improving water productivity in the United States
	T Marston L.; Lamsal G.; H Ancona Z.; Caldwell P.; D Richter B.; L Ruddell B.; R Rushforth R.; Frankel Davis K.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:9
英文摘要	Nearly one-sixth of U.S. river basins are unable to consistently meet societal water demands while also providing sufficient water for the environment. Water scarcity is expected to intensify and spread as populations increase, new water demands emerge, and climate changes. Improving water productivity by meeting realistic benchmarks for all water users could allow U.S. communities to expand economic activity and improve environmental flows. Here we utilize a spatially detailed database of water productivity to set realistic benchmarks for over 400 industries and products. We assess unrealized water savings achievable by each industry in each river basin within the conterminous U.S. by bringing all water users up to industry-and region-specific water productivity benchmarks. Some of the most water stressed areas throughout the U.S. West and South have the greatest potential for water savings, with around half of these water savings obtained by improving water productivity in the production of corn, cotton, and alfalfa. By incorporating benchmark-meeting water savings within a national hydrological model (WaSSI), we demonstrate that depletion of river flows across Western U.S. regions can be reduced on average by 6.2-23.2%, without reducing economic production. Lastly, we employ an environmentally extended input-output model to identify the U.S. industries and locations that can make the biggest impact by working with their suppliers to reduce water use 'upstream' in their supply chain. The agriculture and manufacturing sectors have the largest indirect water footprint due to their reliance on water-intensive inputs but these sectors also show the greatest capacity to reduce water consumption throughout their supply chains. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	EEIO; water footprint; water productivity; water scarcity; water use benchmarks
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Agricultural robots; Climate change; Productivity; Rivers; Supply chains; Water supply; Watersheds; Economic activities; Economic production; Environmental flow; Hydrological modeling; Input output model; Manufacturing sector; Water consumption; Water productivity; Water management; hydrological modeling; water availability; water planning; water quality; United States; Gossypium hirsutum; Medicago sativa; Zea mays
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153824
作者单位	Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO 80225, United States; Usda Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC 28763, United States; Sustainable Waters, Crozet, VA 22932, United States; School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, United States; Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	T Marston L.,Lamsal G.,H Ancona Z.,et al. Reducing water scarcity by improving water productivity in the United States[J],2020,15(9).
APA	T Marston L..,Lamsal G..,H Ancona Z..,Caldwell P..,D Richter B..,...&Frankel Davis K..(2020).Reducing water scarcity by improving water productivity in the United States.Environmental Research Letters,15(9).
MLA	T Marston L.,et al."Reducing water scarcity by improving water productivity in the United States".Environmental Research Letters 15.9(2020).