气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The U.S. consumer phosphorus footprint: Where do nitrogen and phosphorus diverge?

CCPortal

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/aba781
	The U.S. consumer phosphorus footprint: Where do nitrogen and phosphorus diverge?
	Metson G.S.; MacDonald G.K.; Leach A.M.; Compton J.E.; Harrison J.A.; Galloway J.N.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:10
英文摘要	Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients for food production but their excess use in agriculture can have major social costs, particularly related to water quality degradation. Nutrient footprint approaches estimate N and P release to the environment through food production and waste management and enable linking these emissions to particular consumption patterns. Following an established method for quantifying a consumer-oriented N footprint for the United States (U.S.), we calculate an analogous P footprint and assess the N:P ratio across different stages of food production and consumption. Circa 2012, the average consumer's P footprint was 4.4 kg P capita−1 yr−1 compared to 22.4 kg N capita−1 yr−1 for the food portion of the N footprint. Animal products have the largest contribution to both footprints, comprising >70% of the average per capita N and P footprints. The N:P ratio of environmental release based on virtual nutrient factors (kilograms N or P per kilogram of food consumed) varies considerably across food groups and stages. The overall N:P ratio of the footprints was lower (5.2 by mass) than for that of U.S. food consumption (8.6), reinforcing our finding that P is managed less efficiently than N in food production systems but more efficiently removed from wastewater. While strategies like reducing meat consumption will effectively reduce both N and P footprints by decreasing overall synthetic fertilizer nutrient demands, consideration of how food production and waste treatment differentially affect N and P releases to the environment can also inform eutrophication management. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd
英文关键词	Agriculture; Biogeochemistry; Food; Nutrients; Stoichiometry; Sustainability
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Agricultural robots; Environmental management; Eutrophication; Food supply; Phosphorus; Waste treatment; Water quality; Consumption patterns; Environmental release; Essential nutrients; Food production systems; Meat consumption; Nitrogen and phosphorus; Synthetic fertilizers; Water quality degradation; Nutrients; demand analysis; eutrophication; food consumption; food quality; meat; nitrogen; phosphorus; waste management; waste treatment; water quality; United States
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153550
作者单位	Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; National Research Council, National Academies of Science, Washington, DC, United States; Pacific Ecological Systems Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR, United States; School of the Environment, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States; Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Sustainability Institute, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Metson G.S.,MacDonald G.K.,Leach A.M.,et al. The U.S. consumer phosphorus footprint: Where do nitrogen and phosphorus diverge?[J],2020,15(10).
APA	Metson G.S.,MacDonald G.K.,Leach A.M.,Compton J.E.,Harrison J.A.,&Galloway J.N..(2020).The U.S. consumer phosphorus footprint: Where do nitrogen and phosphorus diverge?.Environmental Research Letters,15(10).
MLA	Metson G.S.,et al."The U.S. consumer phosphorus footprint: Where do nitrogen and phosphorus diverge?".Environmental Research Letters 15.10(2020).