气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Contribution of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2

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DOI	10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020
	Contribution of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2
	Stepanek C.; Samakinwa E.; Knorr G.; Lohmann G.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	18149324
起始页码	2275
结束页码	2323
卷号	16 期号:6
英文摘要	We present the Alfred Wegener Institute's contribution to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) wherein we employ the Community Earth System Models (COSMOS) that include a dynamic vegetation scheme. This work builds on our contribution to Phase 1 of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP1) wherein we employed the same model without dynamic vegetation. Our input to the PlioMIP2 special issue of Climate of the Past is twofold. In an accompanying paper we compare results derived with COSMOS in the framework of PlioMIP2 and PlioMIP1. With this paper we present details of our contribution with COSMOS to PlioMIP2. We provide a description of the model and of methods employed to transfer reconstructed mid-Pliocene geography, as provided by the Pliocene Reconstruction and Synoptic Mapping Initiative Phase 4 (PRISM4), to model boundary conditions. We describe the spin-up procedure for creating the COSMOS PlioMIP2 simulation ensemble and present large-scale climate patterns of the COSMOS PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene core simulation. Furthermore, we quantify the contribution of individual components of PRISM4 boundary conditions to characteristics of simulated mid-Pliocene climate and discuss implications for anthropogenic warming. When exposed to PRISM4 boundary conditions, COSMOS provides insight into a mid-Pliocene climate that is characterised by increased rainfall (+0.17mmd-1) and elevated surface temperature (+3.37°C) in comparison to the pre-industrial (PI). About two-thirds of the mid-Pliocene core temperature anomaly can be directly attributed to carbon dioxide that is elevated with respect to PI. The contribution of topography and ice sheets to mid-Pliocene warmth is much smaller in contrast - about one-quarter and one-eighth, respectively, and nonlinearities are negligible. The simulated mid-Pliocene climate comprises pronounced polar amplification, a reduced meridional temperature gradient, a northwards-shifted tropical rain belt, an Arctic Ocean that is nearly free of sea ice during boreal summer, and muted seasonality at Northern Hemisphere high latitudes. Simulated mid-Pliocene precipitation patterns are defined by both carbon dioxide and PRISM4 paleogeography. Our COSMOS simulations confirm long-standing characteristics of the mid-Pliocene Earth system, among these increased meridional volume transport in the Atlantic Ocean, an extended and intensified equatorial warm pool, and pronounced poleward expansion of vegetation cover. By means of a comparison of our results to a reconstruction of the sea surface temperature (SST) of the mid-Pliocene we find that COSMOS reproduces reconstructed SST best if exposed to a carbon dioxide concentration of 400ppmv. In the Atlantic to Arctic Ocean the simulated mid-Pliocene core climate state is too cold in comparison to the SST reconstruction. The discord can be mitigated to some extent by increasing carbon dioxide that causes increased mismatch between the model and reconstruction in other regions. © 2020 IOS Press. All rights reserved.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	air-sea interaction; amplification; atmospheric transport; boundary condition; carbon dioxide; climate variation; ice sheet; mapping; meridional circulation; paleoclimate; Pliocene; sea ice; surface temperature; vegetation dynamics
来源期刊	Climate of the Past
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153175
作者单位	Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Stepanek C.,Samakinwa E.,Knorr G.,et al. Contribution of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2[J],2020,16(6).
APA	Stepanek C.,Samakinwa E.,Knorr G.,&Lohmann G..(2020).Contribution of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2.Climate of the Past,16(6).
MLA	Stepanek C.,et al."Contribution of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2".Climate of the Past 16.6(2020).