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DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.033
	A Late Glacial surface rupturing earthquake at the Peel Boundary fault zone; Roer Valley Rift System; the Netherlands
	Van Balen R.T.; Bakker M.A.J.; Kasse C.; Wallinga J.; Woolderink H.A.G.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0277-3791
起始页码	254
结束页码	266
卷号	218
英文摘要	Paleoseismological trenching studies constrain recurrence times and magnitudes of faulting events and earthquakes on active faults. In a trench along the central part of the Peel Boundary fault zone (PBFZ), southeastern Netherlands, evidence was found for such a large faulting event that occurred around 14 ka. The event caused a fault scarp in unconsolidated sediments of ∼1 m height. A colluvial wedge was formed next to the scarp. A second faulting event offsets this colluvial wedge by 0.2–0.1 m. This event can be tentatively dated at ∼13 ka. During or immediately after the second event, a large clastic dyke intruded along the fault plane. The dyke is not faulted, but its emplacement did cause some minor thrust faulting around the injection. The sudden character of the main faulting event, the brittle deformation style of loam layers, the lack of growth faulting in the colluvial wedge, the clastic dykes and the flame structures demonstrate that the main faulting event was a surface rupturing earthquake. Based on the scarp height, the estimated moment magnitude is about 6.8 ± 0.3. Similar observations in a previous trench site suggest that the length of the surface rupture was at least 32 km. The earthquake took place during the Weichselian (Würmian) Late Glacial. This timing corresponds to the start of the glacio-isostatic forebulge collapse in the Netherlands. Glacio-isostatic movements have been invoked before to explain earthquake events in the Roer Valley Rift System in which the PBFZ is situated, and in northern Germany and Denmark. If these earthquakes can indeed be attributed to a collapsing forebulge, their ages should show a decrease in the direction of ice-sheet retreat. This might indeed be the case, as the ages decrease from 14 ka and 13 ka in this trench via 13–16 ka at the Osning Thrust Zone, NW Germany, to 12–14 ka in northern Denmark. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Earthquake; Glacio-isostacy; Rupture length; Trench
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Earthquakes; Glacial geology; Trenching; Brittle deformation; Earthquake events; Glacio-isostacy; Ice-sheet retreat; Moment magnitudes; Roer valley rift systems; Rupture length; Unconsolidated sediment; Faulting; brittle deformation; clastic dike; collapse; earthquake event; earthquake rupture; emplacement; fault scarp; fault zone; glacioeustacy; rift zone; trench; unconsolidated medium; Weichselian; Denmark; Germany; Netherlands; Rur Valley
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151847
作者单位	Department of Earth Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands; TNO - Geological Survey of the Netherlands, Princetonlaan 6, Utrecht, 3584 CB, Netherlands; Netherlands Centre for Luminescence Dating & Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen, 6708 PB, Netherlands
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Van Balen R.T.,Bakker M.A.J.,Kasse C.,et al. A Late Glacial surface rupturing earthquake at the Peel Boundary fault zone; Roer Valley Rift System; the Netherlands[J],2019,218.
APA	Van Balen R.T.,Bakker M.A.J.,Kasse C.,Wallinga J.,&Woolderink H.A.G..(2019).A Late Glacial surface rupturing earthquake at the Peel Boundary fault zone; Roer Valley Rift System; the Netherlands.Quaternary Science Reviews,218.
MLA	Van Balen R.T.,et al."A Late Glacial surface rupturing earthquake at the Peel Boundary fault zone; Roer Valley Rift System; the Netherlands".Quaternary Science Reviews 218(2019).