气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Dietary and habitat shifts in relation to climate of Neogene-Quaternary proboscideans and associated mammals of the Indian subcontinent

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DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105968
	Dietary and habitat shifts in relation to climate of Neogene-Quaternary proboscideans and associated mammals of the Indian subcontinent
	Patnaik R.; Singh N.P.; Paul D.; Sukumar R.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	224
英文摘要	Several studies have established that African proboscideans shifted their feeding strategies (browsing vs. grazing) in response to climatic and ecological changes. However, similar studies on their Indian relatives are rare. In this regard, we analysed the stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope composition, hypsodonty indices (HI), and lamellae numbers of both newly recovered and existing fossil material (proboscideans and associated mammals) spanning the last ∼14 Ma. We also obtained intra-tooth δ13C and δ18O values of selected extant and extinct proboscideans as well as associated mammals to understand any intra- and inter-annual variation in dietary and water intake behaviour, respectively. Our results reveal that Middle Miocene brachydont deinotheres (ex. Deinotherium indicum) and bunodont gomphotheres (ex. Gomphotherium) with few cusp pairs were browsers living in relatively closed forests under moist conditions. By Late Miocene they continued browsing in relatively open forests. Deinotheres in the subcontinent did not survive the Late Miocene climate change that led to drier conditions and the spread of grasslands. The Late Miocene endemic forms Stegolophodon and Stegodon were browsers while the immigrant Choerolophodon was a mixed feeder. However, Pliocene gomphotheres such as bunodont Anancus and brachydont Stegodon adapted themselves to shrinking forests and spreading grasslands; the former sustained on grazing, whereas the latter showed flexibility in its diet ranging from browsing, mixed-feeding to pure grazing. Associated mammals such as rhinoceratids, giraffids, equids, and bovids responded in a similar manner to this climatic and ecological transition across the Late Miocene to Pliocene by shifting their diets accordingly. The Mid-Pliocene hypsodont elephantid immigrant Elephas planifrons, the Early Pleistocene hypsodont immigrant E. hysudricus, and Elephas platycephalus, with multiple lamellae (10–16) were also essentially grazers. Sometime around Middle Pleistocene, the giant elephantid immigrant Palaeoloxodon namadicus, a pure grazer, appeared on the grasslands of the subcontinent, coinciding with a shift in E. hysudricus diet from pure grazing to browsing. E. hysudricus likely gave rise to the extant E. maximus, a mixed feeder with higher contribution of browse to its diet. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Diet; Hypdodonty index; Lamellar counts; Neogene; Proboscideans; Quaternary; Stable isotopes
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Climate change; Ecology; Feeding; Forestry; Isotopes; Nutrition; Hypdodonty index; Lamellar counts; Neo genes; Proboscideans; Quaternary; Stable isotopes; Mammals; browsing; carbon isotope; climate variation; dietary intake; dietary shift; endemic species; feeding behavior; fossil record; grassland; habitat selection; isotopic composition; mammal; Neogene; oxygen isotope; Quaternary; stable isotope; Bovidae; Choerolophodon; Elephantidae; Elephas; Elephas maximus; Equidae; Giraffidae; Gomphotherium; Mammalia; Palaeoloxodon; Platycephalus
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151716
作者单位	Center for Advanced Study in Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India; Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Patnaik R.,Singh N.P.,Paul D.,et al. Dietary and habitat shifts in relation to climate of Neogene-Quaternary proboscideans and associated mammals of the Indian subcontinent[J],2019,224.
APA	Patnaik R.,Singh N.P.,Paul D.,&Sukumar R..(2019).Dietary and habitat shifts in relation to climate of Neogene-Quaternary proboscideans and associated mammals of the Indian subcontinent.Quaternary Science Reviews,224.
MLA	Patnaik R.,et al."Dietary and habitat shifts in relation to climate of Neogene-Quaternary proboscideans and associated mammals of the Indian subcontinent".Quaternary Science Reviews 224(2019).