气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Icelandic permafrost dynamics since the Last Glacial Maximum – model results and geomorphological implications

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DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106236
	Icelandic permafrost dynamics since the Last Glacial Maximum – model results and geomorphological implications
	Etzelmüller B.; Patton H.; Schomacker A.; Czekirda J.; Girod L.; Hubbard A.; Lilleøren K.S.; Westermann S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	233
英文摘要	Iceland's periglacial realm is one of the most dynamic on the planet, with active geomorphological processes and high weathering rates of young bedrock resulting in high sediment yields and ongoing mass movement. Permafrost is discontinuous in Iceland's highlands and mountains over c. 800 m a.s.l, and sporadic in palsa mires in the central highlands. During the late Pleistocene and Holocene, Iceland's periglacial environment varied considerably in time and space, dominated by glacial fluctuations and periglacial processes. To evaluate the dynamics of permafrost in Iceland since the last deglaciation, we use the output of a coupled climate/ice sheet model to force a transient permafrost model (CryoGRID 2) from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) through to the present. We find that permafrost was widespread across the deglaciated areas of western, northern and eastern Iceland after the LGM, and that up to 20% of Iceland's terrestrial area was underlain by permafrost throughout the late Pleistocene. This influenced geomorphological processes and landform generation: the early collapse of the marine-based ice sheet together with the aggradation of permafrost in these zones initiated the formation of abundant and now relict rock glaciers across coastal margins. Permafrost degraded rapidly after the Younger Dryas, with a marked impact on slope stability. Permafrost that formed during the Little Ice Age is again thawing rapidly, and an escalation in slope failure and mass-movement might be currently underway. Our study demonstrates that large regions of Iceland have been underlain by permafrost for millennia, facilitating landform development and influencing the stability of steep slopes. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Climate change; Deglaciation; Holocene; Ice sheet modelling; Ice-cored moraines; Iceland; Landslides; Late Weichselian; Paleo-permafrost; Permafrost modelling; Rock glaciers
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Climate change; Climate models; Coastal zones; Glacial geology; Glaciers; Ice; Landforms; Landslides; Slope stability; Weathering; Deglaciations; Holocenes; Ice sheet modelling; Icelands; Late Weichselian; Permafrost modelling; Rock glaciers; Permafrost; bedrock; climate change; deglaciation; geomorphology; hydrological modeling; ice core; ice sheet; landslide; last deglaciation; Last Glacial Maximum; Little Ice Age; mass movement; moraine; paleoenvironment; periglacial environment; permafrost; rock glacier; sediment yield; upland region; Weichselian; Younger Dryas; Iceland
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151538
作者单位	Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, BlindernOslo 1047, Norway; CAGE - Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9010, Norway; Department of Geosciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9010, Norway; Kvantum Institute, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Etzelmüller B.,Patton H.,Schomacker A.,等. Icelandic permafrost dynamics since the Last Glacial Maximum – model results and geomorphological implications[J],2020,233.
APA	Etzelmüller B..,Patton H..,Schomacker A..,Czekirda J..,Girod L..,...&Westermann S..(2020).Icelandic permafrost dynamics since the Last Glacial Maximum – model results and geomorphological implications.Quaternary Science Reviews,233.
MLA	Etzelmüller B.,et al."Icelandic permafrost dynamics since the Last Glacial Maximum – model results and geomorphological implications".Quaternary Science Reviews 233(2020).