气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Paleoecology of Aphelops and Teleoceras (Rhinocerotidae) through an interval of changing climate and vegetation in the Neogene of the Great Plains; central United States

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DOI	10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109411
	Paleoecology of Aphelops and Teleoceras (Rhinocerotidae) through an interval of changing climate and vegetation in the Neogene of the Great Plains; central United States
	Wang B.; Secord R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0031-0182
卷号	542
英文摘要	The Rhinocerotidae was one of most widespread and abundant mammalian groups in North America during the Oligocene and Miocene but were extinct by the early Pliocene. Potential drivers of extinction include the expansion of C4 grasslands, cooling climate, and increased seasonality. Here we examine potential changes in the relative abundance of two common genera, Aphelops and Teleoceras, from the middle Miocene to the Pliocene of the Great Plains. We also use stable isotopes in tooth enamel to test whether Great Plains rhinoceroses were able to incorporate C4 vegetation into their diet after the expansion of C4 grasslands. Relative abundance of rhinoceroses fluctuates during the middle to late Miocene but then rapidly declines at the end of the Miocene around 6.5 Ma, coinciding with the expansion of C4 grasslands on the Great Plains. Stable carbon isotopes indicate that both Aphelops and Teleoceras were predominantly C3 feeders for most of their history. During C4 expansion some individuals were able to adapt to modest C4 consumption but were not as successful as contemporaneous horses. Our results suggest that the extinction of rhinoceroses was associated with environmental stress related to diminishing food resources following the expansion of C4 vegetation, possibly coupled with a shorter growing season as climate cooled. In addition, tooth enamel δ18O values in rhinoceroses do not support the interpretation that Teleoceras, a “hippo-ecomorph”, had a semi-aquatic lifestyle. Tooth enamel δ18O values reflect a strong latitudinal temperature gradient, suggesting that rhinoceroses effectively track δ18O values in surface waters and are potentially useful for paleoclimatic reconstructions. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	C4 expansion; Diet; Miocene; Rhinocerotidae; Stable isotopes; Ungulate
语种	英语
scopus关键词	C3 plant; C4 plant; climate change; diet; extinction; Miocene; Neogene; Oligocene; paleoecology; Pliocene; range expansion; seasonality; stable isotope; ungulate; vegetation; Great Plains; United States; Equidae; Mammalia; Rhinocerotidae; Ungulata
来源期刊	Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/150599
作者单位	Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States; University of Nebraska State Museum, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang B.,Secord R.. Paleoecology of Aphelops and Teleoceras (Rhinocerotidae) through an interval of changing climate and vegetation in the Neogene of the Great Plains; central United States[J],2020,542.
APA	Wang B.,&Secord R..(2020).Paleoecology of Aphelops and Teleoceras (Rhinocerotidae) through an interval of changing climate and vegetation in the Neogene of the Great Plains; central United States.Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,542.
MLA	Wang B.,et al."Paleoecology of Aphelops and Teleoceras (Rhinocerotidae) through an interval of changing climate and vegetation in the Neogene of the Great Plains; central United States".Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 542(2020).