气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Satellite-derived sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption (Iceland)

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DOI	10.5194/acp-19-4851-2019
	Satellite-derived sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption (Iceland)
	Carboni E.; Mather T.A.; Schmidt A.; Grainger R.G.; Pfeffer M.A.; Ialongo I.; Theys N.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	16807316
起始页码	4851
结束页码	4862
卷号	19 期号:7
英文摘要	The 6-month-long 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption was the largest in Iceland for 200 years, emitting huge quantities of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the troposphere, at times overwhelming European anthropogenic emissions. Weather, terrain and latitude made continuous ground-based or UV satellite sensor measurements challenging. Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) data are used to derive the first time series of daily SO2 mass present in the atmosphere and its vertical distribution over the entire eruption period. A new optimal estimation scheme is used to calculate daily SO2 fluxes and average e-folding time every 12 h. For the 6 months studied, the SO2 flux was observed to be up to 200 kt day-1 and the minimum total SO2 erupted mass was 4.4±0.8 Tg. The average SO2 e-folding time was 2.4±0.6 days. Where comparisons are possible, these results broadly agree with ground-based near-source measurements, independent remote-sensing data and values obtained from model simulations from a previous paper. The results highlight the importance of using high-resolution time series data to accurately estimate volcanic SO2 emissions. The SO2 mass missed due to thermal contrast is estimated to be of the order of 3 % of the total emission when compared to measurements by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument. A statistical correction for cloud based on the AVHRR cloud-CCI data set suggested that the SO2 mass missed due to cloud cover could be significant, up to a factor of 2 for the plume within the first kilometre from the vent. Applying this correction results in a total erupted mass of 6.7±0.4 Tg and little change in average e-folding time. The data set derived can be used for comparisons to other ground- and satellite-based measurements and to petrological estimates of the SO2 flux. It could also be used to initialise climate model simulations, helping to better quantify the environmental and climatic impacts of future Icelandic fissure eruptions and simulations of past large-scale flood lava eruptions. © 2019 Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	atmospheric chemistry; IASI; satellite data; sulfur dioxide; sulfur emission; time series; troposphere; volcanic eruption; Holuhraun; Iceland
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/144491
作者单位	COMET, Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; COMET, Department of Earth Science, University of Oxford, South Park Road, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom; Icelandic Meteorological Office, Bustadavegur 7-9, Reykjavik, Iceland; Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Carboni E.,Mather T.A.,Schmidt A.,et al. Satellite-derived sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption (Iceland)[J],2019,19(7).
APA	Carboni E..,Mather T.A..,Schmidt A..,Grainger R.G..,Pfeffer M.A..,...&Theys N..(2019).Satellite-derived sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption (Iceland).Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,19(7).
MLA	Carboni E.,et al."Satellite-derived sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption (Iceland)".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19.7(2019).