气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: The importance of lower ionospheric chemistry

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DOI	10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020
	Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: The importance of lower ionospheric chemistry
	Kalakoski N.; Verronen P.T.; Seppälä A.; Szeląg M.E.; Kero A.; Marsh D.R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	8923
结束页码	8938
卷号	20 期号:14
英文摘要	Atmospheric effects of solar proton events (SPEs) have been studied for decades, because their drastic impact can be used to test our understanding of upper stratospheric and mesospheric chemistry in the polar cap regions. For example, odd hydrogen and odd nitrogen are produced during SPEs, which leads to depletion of ozone in catalytic reactions, such that the effects are easily observed from satellites during the strongest events. Until recently, the complexity of the ion chemistry in the lower ionosphere (i.e., in the D region) has restricted global models to simplified parameterizations of chemical impacts induced by energetic particle precipitation (EPP). Because of this restriction, global models have been unable to correctly reproduce some important effects, such as the increase in mesospheric HNO3 or the changes in chlorine species. Here we use simulations from the WACCM-D model, a variant of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, to study the statistical response of the atmosphere to the 66 strongest SPEs which occurred in the years 1989-2012. Our model includes a set of D-region ion chemistry, designed for a detailed representation of the atmospheric effects of SPEs and EPP in general. We use superposed epoch analysis to study changes in O3, HOx (OH + HO2), Clx (Cl + ClO), HNO3, NOx (NO + NO2) and H2O. Compared to the standard WACCM which uses an ion chemistry parameterization, WACCM-D produces a larger response in O3 and NOx and a weaker response in HOx and introduces changes in HNO3 and Clx. These differences between WACCM and WACCM-D highlight the importance of including ion chemistry reactions in models used to study EPP. © Author(s) 2020.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	atmospheric chemistry; catalysis; chemical composition; climate modeling; ionosphere; middle atmosphere; solar activity; statistical analysis
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/141188
作者单位	Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland; Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; Priestley International Centre for Climate, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kalakoski N.,Verronen P.T.,Seppälä A.,et al. Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: The importance of lower ionospheric chemistry[J],2020,20(14).
APA	Kalakoski N.,Verronen P.T.,Seppälä A.,Szeląg M.E.,Kero A.,&Marsh D.R..(2020).Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: The importance of lower ionospheric chemistry.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,20(14).
MLA	Kalakoski N.,et al."Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: The importance of lower ionospheric chemistry".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20.14(2020).