气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds

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DOI	10.5194/acp-20-4809-2020
	The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds
	Pye H.O.T.; Nenes A.; Alexander B.; Ault A.P.; Barth M.C.; Clegg S.L.; Collett J.L.; Fahey K.M.; Hennigan C.J.; Herrmann H.; Kanakidou M.; Kelly J.T.; Ku I.-T.; Faye McNeill V.; Riemer N.; Schaefer T.; Shi G.; Tilgner A.; Walker J.T.; Wang T.; Weber R.; Xing J.; Zaveri R.A.; Zuend A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	16807316
起始页码	4809
结束页码	4888
卷号	20 期号:8
英文摘要	Acidity, defined as pH, is a central component of aqueous chemistry. In the atmosphere, the acidity of condensed phases (aerosol particles, cloud water, and fog droplets) governs the phase partitioning of semivolatile gases such as HNO3, NH3, HCl, and organic acids and bases as well as chemical reaction rates. It has implications for the atmospheric lifetime of pollutants, deposition, and human health. Despite its fundamental role in atmospheric processes, only recently has this field seen a growth in the number of studies on particle acidity. Even with this growth, many fine-particle pH estimates must be based on thermodynamic model calculations since no operational techniques exist for direct measurements. Current information indicates acidic fine particles are ubiquitous, but observationally constrained pH estimates are limited in spatial and temporal coverage. Clouds and fogs are also generally acidic, but to a lesser degree than particles, and have a range of pH that is quite sensitive to anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, as well as ambient ammonia. Historical measurements indicate that cloud and fog droplet pH has changed in recent decades in response to controls on anthropogenic emissions, while the limited trend data for aerosol particles indicate acidity may be relatively constant due to the semivolatile nature of the key acids and bases and buffering in particles. This paper reviews and synthesizes the current state of knowledge on the acidity of atmospheric condensed phases, specifically particles and cloud droplets. It includes recommendations for estimating acidity and pH, standard nomenclature, a synthesis of current pH estimates based on observations, and new model calculations on the local and global scale. © 2020 Author(s).
关键词	acidity aerosol ammonia atmospheric chemistry cloud droplet cloud water fog nitrogen oxides particulate matter pH sulfur compound thermodynamics
语种	英语
来源机构	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/132083
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Pye H.O.T.,Nenes A.,Alexander B.,et al. The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2020,20(8).
APA	Pye H.O.T..,Nenes A..,Alexander B..,Ault A.P..,Barth M.C..,...&Zuend A..(2020).The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds.,20(8).
MLA	Pye H.O.T.,et al."The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds".20.8(2020).