气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Fear of humans as apex predators has landscape-scale impacts from mountain lions to mice

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DOI	10.1111/ele.13344
	Fear of humans as apex predators has landscape-scale impacts from mountain lions to mice
	Suraci J.P.; Clinchy M.; Zanette L.Y.; Wilmers C.C.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	1461023X
卷号	22 期号:10
英文摘要	Apex predators such as large carnivores can have cascading, landscape-scale impacts across wildlife communities, which could result largely from the fear they inspire, although this has yet to be experimentally demonstrated. Humans have supplanted large carnivores as apex predators in many systems, and similarly pervasive impacts may now result from fear of the human ‘super predator’. We conducted a landscape-scale playback experiment demonstrating that the sound of humans speaking generates a landscape of fear with pervasive effects across wildlife communities. Large carnivores avoided human voices and moved more cautiously when hearing humans, while medium-sized carnivores became more elusive and reduced foraging. Small mammals evidently benefited, increasing habitat use and foraging. Thus, just the sound of a predator can have landscape-scale effects at multiple trophic levels. Our results indicate that many of the globally observed impacts on wildlife attributed to anthropogenic activity may be explained by fear of humans. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS
英文关键词	Ecology of fear; human impacts; landscape of fear; large-scale field manipulation; playback experiment
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Mammalia; Mus; Puma concolor; animal; California; Carnivora; ecosystem; fear; female; human; Lynx; male; mouse; opossum; predation; Puma; skunk; Animals; California; Carnivora; Ecosystem; Fear; Female; Humans; Lynx; Male; Mephitidae; Mice; Opossums; Predatory Behavior; Puma
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/121043
作者单位	Center for Integrated Spatial Research, Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States; Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Suraci J.P.,Clinchy M.,Zanette L.Y.,et al. Fear of humans as apex predators has landscape-scale impacts from mountain lions to mice[J],2019,22(10).
APA	Suraci J.P.,Clinchy M.,Zanette L.Y.,&Wilmers C.C..(2019).Fear of humans as apex predators has landscape-scale impacts from mountain lions to mice.Ecology Letters,22(10).
MLA	Suraci J.P.,et al."Fear of humans as apex predators has landscape-scale impacts from mountain lions to mice".Ecology Letters 22.10(2019).