气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The effect of changing sea ice on the physical vulnerability of Arctic coasts

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DOI	10.5194/tc-8-1777-2014
	The effect of changing sea ice on the physical vulnerability of Arctic coasts
	Barnhart K.R.; Overeem I.; Anderson R.S.
发表日期	2014
ISSN	19940416
卷号	8 期号:5
英文摘要	Sea ice limits the interaction of the land and ocean water in the Arctic winter and influences this interaction in the summer by governing the fetch. In many parts of the Arctic, the open-water season is increasing in duration and summertime sea-ice extents are decreasing. Sea ice provides a first-order control on the physical vulnerability of Arctic coasts to erosion, inundation, and damage to settlements and infrastructures by ocean water. We ask how the changing sea-ice cover has influenced coastal erosion over the satellite record. First, we present a pan-Arctic analysis of satellite-based sea-ice concentration specifically along the Arctic coasts. The median length of the 2012 open-water season, in comparison to 1979, expanded by between 1.5 and 3-fold by Arctic Sea sector, which allows for open water during the stormy Arctic fall. Second, we present a case study of Drew Point, Alaska, a site on the Beaufort Sea, characterized by ice-rich permafrost and rapid coastal-erosion rates, where both the duration of the open-water season and distance to the sea-ice edge, particularly towards the northwest, have increased. At Drew Point, winds from the northwest result in increased water levels at the coast and control the process of submarine notch incision, the rate-limiting step of coastal retreat. When open-water conditions exist, the distance to the sea ice edge exerts control on the water level and wave field through its control on fetch. We find that the extreme values of water-level setup have increased consistently with increasing fetch. © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
学科领域	coastal erosion; cryosphere; fetch; ice retreat; permafrost; satellite imagery; sea ice; vulnerability; wave field; wave setup; Alaska; Arctic Ocean; Beaufort Sea; United States
语种	英语
scopus关键词	coastal erosion; cryosphere; fetch; ice retreat; permafrost; satellite imagery; sea ice; vulnerability; wave field; wave setup; Alaska; Arctic Ocean; Beaufort Sea; United States
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/120050
作者单位	Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Barnhart K.R.,Overeem I.,Anderson R.S.. The effect of changing sea ice on the physical vulnerability of Arctic coasts[J],2014,8(5).
APA	Barnhart K.R.,Overeem I.,&Anderson R.S..(2014).The effect of changing sea ice on the physical vulnerability of Arctic coasts.Cryosphere,8(5).
MLA	Barnhart K.R.,et al."The effect of changing sea ice on the physical vulnerability of Arctic coasts".Cryosphere 8.5(2014).