气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Cloud effects on surface energy and mass balance in the ablation area of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand

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DOI	10.5194/tc-10-313-2016
	Cloud effects on surface energy and mass balance in the ablation area of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand
	Conway J.P.; Cullen N.J.
发表日期	2016
ISSN	19940416
卷号	10 期号:1
英文摘要	The effect of clouds on glacier surface energy balance (SEB) has received increased attention in the last decade, but how clouds interact with other meteorological forcing to influence surface mass balance (SMB) is not as well understood. This paper resolves the SEB and SMB at a site in the ablation zone of Brewster Glacier over a 22-month period, using high-quality radiation data to carefully evaluate SEB terms and define clear-sky and overcast conditions. A fundamental change in glacier SEB in cloudy conditions was driven by increased effective sky emissivity and surface vapour pressure, rather than a minimal change in air temperature and wind speed. During overcast conditions, positive net long-wave radiation and latent heat fluxes allowed melt to be maintained through a much greater length of time compared to clear-sky conditions, and led to similar melt in each sky condition. The sensitivity of SMB to changes in air temperature was greatly enhanced in overcast compared to clear-sky conditions due to more frequent melt and changes in precipitation phase that created a strong albedo feedback. During the spring and autumn seasons, the sensitivity during overcast conditions was strongest. To capture these processes, future attempts to explore glacier-climate interactions should aim to resolve the effects of atmospheric moisture (vapour, cloud, and precipitation) on melt as well as accumulation, through enhanced statistical or physically based methods. © Author(s) 2016.
学科领域	ablation; air temperature; albedo; atmospheric forcing; atmospheric moisture; climate conditions; climate effect; emissivity; energy balance; latent heat flux; mass balance; precipitation (climatology); sensitivity analysis; surface energy; Brewster Glacier; New Zealand; South Island; West Coast [South Island]
语种	英语
scopus关键词	ablation; air temperature; albedo; atmospheric forcing; atmospheric moisture; climate conditions; climate effect; emissivity; energy balance; latent heat flux; mass balance; precipitation (climatology); sensitivity analysis; surface energy; Brewster Glacier; New Zealand; South Island; West Coast [South Island]
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119706
作者单位	Department of Geography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Conway J.P.,Cullen N.J.. Cloud effects on surface energy and mass balance in the ablation area of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand[J],2016,10(1).
APA	Conway J.P.,&Cullen N.J..(2016).Cloud effects on surface energy and mass balance in the ablation area of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand.Cryosphere,10(1).
MLA	Conway J.P.,et al."Cloud effects on surface energy and mass balance in the ablation area of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand".Cryosphere 10.1(2016).