气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): 3-D surface properties of glacier penitentes over an ablation season, measured using a Microsoft Xbox Kinect

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DOI	10.5194/tc-10-1897-2016
	3-D surface properties of glacier penitentes over an ablation season, measured using a Microsoft Xbox Kinect
	Nicholson L.I.; Pȩtlicki M.; Partan B.; MacDonell S.
发表日期	2016
ISSN	19940416
卷号	10 期号:5
英文摘要	In this study, the first small-scale digital surface models (DSMs) of natural penitentes on a glacier surface were produced using a Microsoft Xbox Kinect sensor on Tapado Glacier, Chile (30°08′ S, 69°55′ W). The surfaces produced by the complete processing chain were within the error of standard terrestrial laser scanning techniques, but insufficient overlap between scanned sections that were mosaicked to cover the sampled areas can result in three-dimensional (3-D) positional errors of up to 0.3 m. Between November 2013 and January 2014 penitentes become fewer, wider and deeper, and the distribution of surface slope angles becomes more skewed to steep faces. Although these morphological changes cannot be captured by manual point measurements, mean surface lowering of the scanned areas was comparable to that derived from manual measurements of penitente surface height at a minimum density of 5 m-1 over a 5 m transverse profile. Roughness was computed on the 3-D surfaces by applying two previously published geometrical formulae: one for a 3-D surface and one for single profiles sampled from the surface. Morphometric analysis shows that skimming flow is persistent over penitentes, providing conditions conducive for the development of a distinct microclimate within the penitente troughs. For each method a range of ways of defining the representative roughness element height was used, and the calculations were done both with and without application of a zero displacement height offset to account for the likelihood of skimming air flow over the closely spaced penitentes. The computed roughness values are on the order of 0.01-0.10 m during the early part of the ablation season, increasing to 0.10-0.50 m after the end of December, in line with the roughest values previously published for glacier ice. Both the 3-D surface and profile methods of computing roughness are strongly dependent on wind direction. However, the two methods contradict each other in that the maximum roughness computed for the 3-D surface coincides with airflow across the penitente lineation, while maximum roughness computed for sampled profiles coincides with airflow along the penitente lineation. These findings highlight the importance of determining directional roughness and wind direction for strongly aligned surface features and also suggest more work is required to determine appropriate geometrical roughness formulae for linearized features. © Author(s) 2016.
学科领域	ablation; displacement; glacier dynamics; instrumentation; laser method; morphometry; roughness; sensor; snow cover; trough; wind direction; Chile; Coquimbo; Tapado Glacier
语种	英语
scopus关键词	ablation; displacement; glacier dynamics; instrumentation; laser method; morphometry; roughness; sensor; snow cover; trough; wind direction; Chile; Coquimbo; Tapado Glacier
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119595
作者单位	Institute of Atmospheric and Cryospheric Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Ksiȩcia Janusza 64, Warsaw, 01-452, Poland; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), La Serena, Chile; University of Maine, Orono, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Nicholson L.I.,Pȩtlicki M.,Partan B.,et al. 3-D surface properties of glacier penitentes over an ablation season, measured using a Microsoft Xbox Kinect[J],2016,10(5).
APA	Nicholson L.I.,Pȩtlicki M.,Partan B.,&MacDonell S..(2016).3-D surface properties of glacier penitentes over an ablation season, measured using a Microsoft Xbox Kinect.Cryosphere,10(5).
MLA	Nicholson L.I.,et al."3-D surface properties of glacier penitentes over an ablation season, measured using a Microsoft Xbox Kinect".Cryosphere 10.5(2016).