气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Quantifying bioalbedo: A new physically based model and discussion of empirical methods for characterising biological influence on ice and snow albedo

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/tc-11-2611-2017
	Quantifying bioalbedo: A new physically based model and discussion of empirical methods for characterising biological influence on ice and snow albedo
	Cook J.M.; Hodson A.J.; Gardner A.S.; Flanner M.; Tedstone A.J.; Williamson C.; Irvine-Fynn T.D.L.; Nilsson J.; Bryant R.; Tranter M.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	19940416
卷号	11 期号:6
英文摘要	The darkening effects of biological impurities on ice and snow have been recognised as a control on the surface energy balance of terrestrial snow, sea ice, glaciers and ice sheets. With a heightened interest in understanding the impacts of a changing climate on snow and ice processes, quantifying the impact of biological impurities on ice and snow albedo (bioalbedo) and its evolution through time is a rapidly growing field of research. However, rigorous quantification of bioalbedo has remained elusive because of difficulties in isolating the biological contribution to ice albedo from that of inorganic impurities and the variable optical properties of the ice itself. For this reason, isolation of the biological signature in reflectance data obtained from aerial/orbital platforms has not been achieved, even when ground-based biological measurements have been available. This paper provides the cell-specific optical properties that are required to model the spectral signatures and broadband darkening of ice. Applying radiative transfer theory, these properties provide the physical basis needed to link biological and glaciological ground measurements with remotely sensed reflectance data. Using these new capabilities we confirm that biological impurities can influence ice albedo, then we identify 10 challenges to the measurement of bioalbedo in the field with the aim of improving future experimental designs to better quantify bioalbedo feedbacks. These challenges are (1) ambiguity in terminology, (2) characterising snow or ice optical properties, (3) characterising solar irradiance, (4) determining optical properties of cells, (5) measuring biomass, (6) characterising vertical distribution of cells, (7) characterising abiotic impurities, (8) surface anisotropy, (9) measuring indirect albedo feedbacks, and (10) measurement and instrument configurations. This paper aims to provide a broad audience of glaciologists and biologists with an overview of radiative transfer and albedo that could support future experimental design. © 2017 Author(s).
学科领域	albedo; anisotropy; biomass; climate change; empirical analysis; energy balance; experimental design; ice; irradiance; model; quantitative analysis; reflectance; snow; surface energy; vertical distribution
语种	英语
scopus关键词	albedo; anisotropy; biomass; climate change; empirical analysis; energy balance; experimental design; ice; irradiance; model; quantitative analysis; reflectance; snow; surface energy; vertical distribution
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119308
作者单位	Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Winter Street, Sheffield, United Kingdom; College of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby, United Kingdom; University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Svalbard, Norway; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States; Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, United States; Centre for Glaciology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Centre for Glaciology, Aberystwyth University, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Cook J.M.,Hodson A.J.,Gardner A.S.,et al. Quantifying bioalbedo: A new physically based model and discussion of empirical methods for characterising biological influence on ice and snow albedo[J],2017,11(6).
APA	Cook J.M..,Hodson A.J..,Gardner A.S..,Flanner M..,Tedstone A.J..,...&Tranter M..(2017).Quantifying bioalbedo: A new physically based model and discussion of empirical methods for characterising biological influence on ice and snow albedo.Cryosphere,11(6).
MLA	Cook J.M.,et al."Quantifying bioalbedo: A new physically based model and discussion of empirical methods for characterising biological influence on ice and snow albedo".Cryosphere 11.6(2017).