气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Airborne radionuclides and heavy metals in high Arctic terrestrial environment as the indicators of sources and transfers of contamination

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DOI	10.5194/tc-13-2075-2019
	Airborne radionuclides and heavy metals in high Arctic terrestrial environment as the indicators of sources and transfers of contamination
	Łokas E.; Zaborska A.; Sobota I.; Gaca P.; Milton J.A.; Kocurek P.; Cwanek A.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19940416
EISSN	13
起始页码	2075
结束页码	2086
卷号	13 期号:7
英文摘要	A survey of airborne radioactive isotopes (137Cs, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 210Pb) and trace metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Al) in tundra soils and cryoconite hole material sampled from several locations in the Kaffioyra region of Spitsbergen revealed significant variability in spatial concentration. Lithogenic radionuclides (230Th, 232Th, 234U, 238U) show less variability than the airborne radionuclides because their activity concentrations are controlled by mixing of local material derived from different types of bedrock. Activity ratios of the artificial radionuclides in most cryoconite samples differ from global fallout signatures. The contribution of radionuclides from additional and more specific sources might be enhanced by non-continuous exposure of cryoconite to atmospheric deposition. We assumed that the main source of Pu, which was detected only in cryoconite samples, is derived from nuclear tests and nonexploded weapons-grade material. Approximately one-third of the total observed Pu activity concentration is 238Pu, most likely originating from the SNAP9A satellite re-entry, which was powered by a 238Pu thermoelectric generator. In samples from Waldemarbreen the influence of glacial local morphology on the capability of cryoconite for trapping and accumulating airborne radionuclides is apparent. Local glacial morphology plays an important role in determining the accumulation of airborne pollutants. Trace metal concentrations in soils were typical or slightly higher than concentrations characteristic for the natural background; the 206Pb=207Pb signature was also close to the natural ratio of the parent rocks. Conversely, trace metal concentrations in cryoconite samples (Pb and Cd) were higher than in soil samples and exceeded natural values. Cryoconite is an effective monitor of the spread of artificial radionuclides and heavy metals in their surrounding environment. © 2019 Author(s). This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
学科领域	air quality; atmospheric deposition; heavy metal; parent body; radionuclide; soil chemistry; terrestrial environment; trace metal; tundra soil; Arctic; Arctic; Spitsbergen; Svalbard; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Waldemarbreen
语种	英语
scopus关键词	air quality; atmospheric deposition; heavy metal; parent body; radionuclide; soil chemistry; terrestrial environment; trace metal; tundra soil; Arctic; Arctic; Spitsbergen; Svalbard; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Waldemarbreen
来源期刊	The Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118852
作者单位	Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, 31-342, Poland; Marine Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot, 81-712, Poland; Department of Hydrology and Water Management, Polar Research Centre, Nicholas Copernicus University, Toruń, 87-100, Poland; School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; Research and Development Laboratory for Aerospace Materials, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, 35-959, Poland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Łokas E.,Zaborska A.,Sobota I.,et al. Airborne radionuclides and heavy metals in high Arctic terrestrial environment as the indicators of sources and transfers of contamination[J],2019,13(7).
APA	Łokas E..,Zaborska A..,Sobota I..,Gaca P..,Milton J.A..,...&Cwanek A..(2019).Airborne radionuclides and heavy metals in high Arctic terrestrial environment as the indicators of sources and transfers of contamination.The Cryosphere,13(7).
MLA	Łokas E.,et al."Airborne radionuclides and heavy metals in high Arctic terrestrial environment as the indicators of sources and transfers of contamination".The Cryosphere 13.7(2019).