气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore

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DOI	10.1111/ele.12444
	Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore
	Almberg E.S.; Cross P.C.; Dobson A.P.; Smith D.W.; Metz M.C.; Stahler D.R.; Hudson P.J.
发表日期	2015
ISSN	1461-023X
EISSN	1461-0248
卷号	18 期号:7
英文摘要	Infection risk is assumed to increase with social group size, and thus be a cost of group living. We assess infection risk and costs with respect to group size using data from an epidemic of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) among grey wolves (Canis lupus). We demonstrate that group size does not predict infection risk and that individual costs of infection, in terms of reduced survival, can be entirely offset by having sufficient numbers of pack-mates. Infected individuals experience increased mortality hazards with increasing proportions of infected pack-mates, but healthy individuals remain unaffected. The social support of group hunting and territory defence are two possible mechanisms mediating infection costs. This is likely a common phenomenon among other social species and chronic infections, but difficult to detect in systems where infection status cannot be measured continuously over time. © 2015 The Authors Ecology Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and CNRS.
英文关键词	Grey wolf; Infection costs; Infection risk; Parasite; Sarcoptic mange; Social immunity; Sociality
学科领域	canid; carnivore; disease prevalence; epidemic; group size; immunity; mite; mortality; parasitic disease; social behavior; territory; Canidae; Canis lupus; Sarcoptes scabiei; animal; appetite; chronic disease; cooperation; parasitology; population density; proportional hazards model; risk factor; Sarcoptes scabiei; scabies; social behavior; territoriality; transmission; United States; wolf; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Chronic Disease; Cooperative Behavior; Population Density; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Factors; Sarcoptes scabiei; Scabies; Social Behavior; Territoriality; Wolves; Wyoming
语种	英语
scopus关键词	canid; carnivore; disease prevalence; epidemic; group size; immunity; mite; mortality; parasitic disease; social behavior; territory; Canidae; Canis lupus; Sarcoptes scabiei; animal; appetite; chronic disease; cooperation; parasitology; population density; proportional hazards model; risk factor; Sarcoptes scabiei; scabies; social behavior; territoriality; transmission; United States; wolf; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Chronic Disease; Cooperative Behavior; Population Density; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Factors; Sarcoptes scabiei; Scabies; Social Behavior; Territoriality; Wolves; Wyoming
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118705
作者单位	Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT, United States; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, United States; Yellowstone Wolf Project, Yellowstone National ParkWY, United States; College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Almberg E.S.,Cross P.C.,Dobson A.P.,et al. Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore[J],2015,18(7).
APA	Almberg E.S..,Cross P.C..,Dobson A.P..,Smith D.W..,Metz M.C..,...&Hudson P.J..(2015).Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore.Ecology Letters,18(7).
MLA	Almberg E.S.,et al."Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore".Ecology Letters 18.7(2015).