气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Frontiers in research on biodiversity and disease

CCPortal

DOI	10.1111/ele.12479
	Frontiers in research on biodiversity and disease
	Johnson P.T.J.; Ostfeld R.S.; Keesing F.
发表日期	2015
ISSN	1461-023X
EISSN	1461-0248
卷号	18 期号:10
英文摘要	Global losses of biodiversity have galvanised efforts to understand how changes to communities affect ecological processes, including transmission of infectious pathogens. Here, we review recent research on diversity-disease relationships and identify future priorities. Growing evidence from experimental, observational and modelling studies indicates that biodiversity changes alter infection for a range of pathogens and through diverse mechanisms. Drawing upon lessons from the community ecology of free-living organisms, we illustrate how recent advances from biodiversity research generally can provide necessary theoretical foundations, inform experimental designs, and guide future research at the interface between infectious disease risk and changing ecological communities. Dilution effects are expected when ecological communities are nested and interactions between the pathogen and the most competent host group(s) persist or increase as biodiversity declines. To move beyond polarising debates about the generality of diversity effects and develop a predictive framework, we emphasise the need to identify how the effects of diversity vary with temporal and spatial scale, to explore how realistic patterns of community assembly affect transmission, and to use experimental studies to consider mechanisms beyond simple changes in host richness, including shifts in trophic structure, functional diversity and symbiont composition. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS.
英文关键词	Amplification effect; Biodiversity loss; Biodiversity-ecosystem function; Community ecology; Dilution effect; Disease ecology; Symbiont
学科领域	biodiversity; community ecology; disease transmission; ecological approach; experimental design; future prospect; infectious disease; pathogen; species richness; symbiont; theoretical study; trophic structure; animal; biodiversity; biological model; communicable disease; ecology; ecosystem; genetic variability; plant; population genetics; research; trends; Animals; Biodiversity; Communicable Diseases; Ecology; Ecosystem; Genetic Variation; Genetics, Population; Models, Biological; Plants; Research
语种	英语
scopus关键词	biodiversity; community ecology; disease transmission; ecological approach; experimental design; future prospect; infectious disease; pathogen; species richness; symbiont; theoretical study; trophic structure; animal; biodiversity; biological model; communicable disease; ecology; ecosystem; genetic variability; plant; population genetics; research; trends; Animals; Biodiversity; Communicable Diseases; Ecology; Ecosystem; Genetic Variation; Genetics, Population; Models, Biological; Plants; Research
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118630
作者单位	Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, United States; Biology Program, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 12504, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Johnson P.T.J.,Ostfeld R.S.,Keesing F.. Frontiers in research on biodiversity and disease[J],2015,18(10).
APA	Johnson P.T.J.,Ostfeld R.S.,&Keesing F..(2015).Frontiers in research on biodiversity and disease.Ecology Letters,18(10).
MLA	Johnson P.T.J.,et al."Frontiers in research on biodiversity and disease".Ecology Letters 18.10(2015).