气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Approaches to defining a planetary boundary for biodiversity

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.07.009
	Approaches to defining a planetary boundary for biodiversity
	Mace G.M.; Reyers B.; Alkemade R.; Biggs R.; Chapin F.S.; Cornell S.E.; Díaz S.; Jennings S.; Leadley P.; Mumby P.J.; Purvis A.; Scholes R.J.; Seddon A.W.R.; Solan M.; Steffen W.; Woodward G.
发表日期	2014
ISSN	0959-3780
卷号	28 期号:1
英文摘要	The idea that there is an identifiable set of boundaries, beyond which anthropogenic change will put the Earth system outside a safe operating space for humanity, is attracting interest in the scientific community and gaining support in the environmental policy world. Rockstrom et al. (2009) identify nine such boundaries and highlight biodiversity loss as being the single boundary where current rates of extinction put the Earth system furthest outside the safe operating space. Here we review the evidence to support a boundary based on extinction rates and identify weaknesses with this metric and its bearing on humanity's needs. While changes to biodiversity are of undisputed importance, we show that both extinction rate and species richness are weak metrics for this purpose, and they do not scale well from local to regional or global levels. We develop alternative approaches to determine biodiversity loss boundaries and extend our analysis to consider large-scale responses in the Earth system that could affect its suitability for complex human societies which in turn are mediated by the biosphere. We suggest three facets of biodiversity on which a boundary could be based: the genetic library of life; functional type diversity; and biome condition and extent. For each of these we explore the science needed to indicate how it might be measured and how changes would affect human societies. In addition to these three facets, we show how biodiversity's role in supporting a safe operating space for humanity may lie primarily in its interactions with other boundaries, suggesting an immediate area of focus for scientists and policymakers. © 2014 The Authors.
英文关键词	Biodiversity; Biome integrity; Functional diversity; Phylogenetic diversity; Planetary boundary
学科领域	biome; environmental policy; environmental response; extinction risk; planetary atmosphere; social development; species richness; biodiversity; biosphere; conceptual framework; Earth; extinction; functional group; human activity; phylogenetics; safety; species diversity
语种	英语
scopus关键词	biome; environmental policy; environmental response; extinction risk; planetary atmosphere; social development; species richness; biodiversity; biosphere; conceptual framework; Earth; extinction; functional group; human activity; phylogenetics; safety; species diversity
来源期刊	Global Environmental Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/117738
作者单位	Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Natural Resources and Environment, CSIR, PO Box 320, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, Netherlands; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden; Stellenbosch University, Centre for Studies in Complexity, South Africa; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, NR33 0HT, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United ...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mace G.M.,Reyers B.,Alkemade R.,et al. Approaches to defining a planetary boundary for biodiversity[J],2014,28(1).
APA	Mace G.M..,Reyers B..,Alkemade R..,Biggs R..,Chapin F.S..,...&Woodward G..(2014).Approaches to defining a planetary boundary for biodiversity.Global Environmental Change,28(1).
MLA	Mace G.M.,et al."Approaches to defining a planetary boundary for biodiversity".Global Environmental Change 28.1(2014).